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What is the saturation index for water that has a total alkalinity of 70 ppm pH 7.2 calcium hardness 200 ppm temperature 80 degrees F and total dissolved solids 500?
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∙ 10y ago
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Matthew Meraz
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What determine the hardness of a fat?
The hardness of fat at a given temperature is determined mainly by its overall fatty acid. It is also determined by how long the carbon chain is, and also the degree of saturation.
What is the factor that determines the hardness of a fat at a given temperature?
How long the carbon chain is, and also the dregree of saturation.degree of saturation
What is a factor that determines the hardness of a fat at a given temperature?
How long the carbon chain is, and also the dregree of saturation.degree of saturation
What does buffer and added hardness do for a saltwater pool?
Buffer and added hardness do the same thing in a salt water pool as in a fresh water pool. The buffer (sodium bicarbonate aka bicarbonate of soda) stabilizes the pH of your pool so that addition of acid or base doesn't change the pH very much. The hardness, mostly Calcium, helps achieve water balance to make the pool neither deposit (precipitate) excess Calcium Carbonate to your pool surfaces nor corrode (remove) Calcium from your plaster pool surface. The combination of pH, Total Alkalinity (adjusted for Cyanuric Acid), Calcium Hardness, temperature and Total Dissolved Solids determines whether your water is balanced. Just keep these values near their recommended amounts for your pool and you should be fine. If you're a techie and want the full formulas, do a Google search for "Langelier Saturation Index".
Are the stalagtite-looking calcium build-ups on the walls of the pool due to not enough calcium or too much calcium in the water?
The following factors combined determine whether water is 'corrosive' (etching of plaster) or 'scale forming' (nodules, scale on walls). pH, Total Alkalinity, calcium hardness, TDS (totally dissolved solids) and water temperature. These items are a result of improper water balance. One could generalize and say that there is too much calcium in the pool/spa. However it is possible that the calcium level is ok and the pH or total alkalinity is out of balance with the same result. The water must be balanced and this requires monitoring and controlling the following items: pH, total alkalinity, calcium harness, total dissolved solids and temperature. Once we have all of these test kit reading then we can perform a calculation to see where the water is currently at and what adjustments are needed to get the water balance corrected.
What does a langlier index of -3 indicate?
A good saturation index is falls between .3 and -.3, with a range of .5 to -.5 being acceptable. A negative number indicates corrosive water, which is bad for concrete, metal and plaster surfaces. A positive number may deposit scale or cause cloudy water. Water with a result of zero (0) is neither corrosive nor scale-forming. The index takes into consideration a number of factors: calcium hardness, alkalinity, pH, water temperature, and total disolved solids (TDS). These items are assigned a number and then plugged into a formula. This saturation index was developed by Professor W.F. Langelier from the Univeristy of California.
How much baking soda to soften pool water?
Baking soda will not soften (remove calcium hardness) from pool water. It will raise total alkalinity.
What cleaner can be used to brighten indoor pebble tech floor?
A leading website recommends that pool owners "balance" their pool water using the "Langlier Saturation Index" This system takes into account pH, alkalinity, water temperature, chlorine and calcium hardness. We recommend that for the first 30 days after the Pebble Tec (or new plaster) is applied, pH and alkalinity be monitored regularly as they can directly affect the appearance of the surface. It might help to maintain levels of pH, alkalinity and calcium hardness toward the lower end of the index. Keep in mind, based on your water source; you may need to add "muriatic acid" to your new pool 2 to 3 times per week during the first month. After 30 days, the pool should be checked 1 to 2 times per week and adjusted accordingly. If your finish is a darker color, in particular black, it is even more important that you follow these instructions. Do not chlorinate your pool until water is filtered and pH and alkalinity are acceptable. Chlorine is highly reactive and can cause metals or minerals to precipitate (cloud water, scale and/or stain.
How does phosphate levels affect the alkalinity of water?
High Alkalinity will keep your pool water on the higher end of the pH scale, or more basic rather than acidic. High Alkalinity is not terrible but there are two things that can happen. If the water is constantly basic a "scale" can develop. The other thing that can happen is you will notice your pool will get cloudy when you add pH increaser, alkalinity increaser or calcium hardness increaser when either one of those three are on the high side already.
Is it possible to remove hardness of water by electrolysis?
Yes. The dissolved cations are reduced and form a solid plating on the electrode.
How do you treat hardness in groundwater?
Hardness in groundwater could simply be treated by Heating the water to a considerable temperature. Chlorination and Distillation could also be applied to groundwater hardness treatment.
What is the hardness of xenon?
In view of the fact that at normal temperature and pressure, Xenon is a gas, the idea of its hardness makes little sense - if any.
