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Scientists do not prove things. Lamarck's theory is long refuted as acquired characteristics and the use and disuse concepts are not explanations for evolution of populations.
The theory of evolution was originally presented by Charles Darwin. Since the time of Darwin, there have been many other scientists who have contributed to evolutionary theory. One notable evolutionary scientist of the 21st century is Richard Dawkins.
The public, due mostly to religious reasons, was not ready for any transmutational theory and Lamarck's theory had no evidence to support it thus scientists of the time did not pay it much attention. Also Cuvier was Lamarck's enemy and denigrated the theory Lamarck developed.
Charles Darwin was one of the first influential scientists to support the evolution theory. On his voyages he came across the Galapagos islands which had a group of birds. He noticed that although these birds were of the same species at first, that they having been separated across the islands, developed different characteristics and soon were no longer able to interbreed. This was the start of the theory of evolution for Charles Darwin as he explained their change of characteristics by saying that they evolved.
theory of evolution
The overwhelming majority of scientists accept the theory of evolution by natural selection. Any scientists that do not accept the theory usually do so for religious reasons.
There have been many scientists that have worked on the theory of emergence over the years. Emergence theory has been written about by scientists such as Julian Huxley and John Stuart Miller.
Scientists had made observations that did not fit exactly with Dalton's theory. Scientists changed the atomic theory to include this new knowledge. While the modern atomic theory is based on Dalton's theory, it is also very different.
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There are no women scientists associated with cell theory because the boys are being sexist.