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The original colony was a military colony with convict labour, established as one of a chain of stations from Sierra Leone to the east to protect the trade of the East India Company. After it was established, settlers began to arrive in increasing numbers and, after a shaky agricultural beginning, a thriving wool industry was established. It also supported the southern whaling industry.
Captain Arthur Phillip was appointed Governor-designate of the proposed British penal colony of New South Wales in 1786. The First Fleet of convicts left Portsmouth, England, on 13 May 1787, and arrived in Port Jackson (where Sydney was founded), arriving on 26 January 1788.
Governor Phillip had originally suggested that convicts with experience in farming, building and crafts be included in the First Fleet, but his proposal was ignored. He faced many obstacles in his attempts to establish the new colony. British farming methods, seeds and implements were unsuitable for use in the different climate and soil, and the colony faced near-starvation in its first two years. The colony finally succeeded in developing a solid foundation, agriculturally and economically, thanks to the perseverance of Captain Arthur Phillip.
There were a number of Governors after Phillip, but one who significantly influenced the future of Sydney was Governor Lachlan Macquarie. Macquarie upheld high standards for the development of New South Wales from penal colony to free settlement. He introduced the first building code into the colony, requiring all buildings to be constructed of timber or brick, covered with a shingle roof, and to include a chimney. As Governor, Macquarie also ordered the construction of roads, bridges, wharves, churches and public buildings.
Macquarie was also a great sponsor of exploration. In 1813 he sent Blaxland, Wentworth and Lawson across the Blue Mountains, where they found the grazing plains of the interior.
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What harbor became the site of the first English settlement in Australia?
Sydney Harbour was the site of Australia's first European settlement.
When was Sydney settled by white people?
The first settlers arrived on 26 January 1788 at Sydney Cove. This is not only the date of the first settlement in Sydney, but also of the first white settlement anywhere in Australia. This is why Australians celebrate Australia Day on January 26.
Why is Arthur Phillip important to Australia?
He oversaw the establishment of the settlement at Sydney Harbour.
Why is Arthur Phillip so important to Australia?
He oversaw the establishment of the settlement at Sydney Harbour.
What was the first settlement in Australia called and what is it called today?
The first settlement in Australia was Sydney Town, now just known as Sydney. It was established at Port Jackson, with the arrival of the first eleven convict ships from England, known as the First Fleet.
Where was Australia's first gaol?
Australia's first gaol was, theoretically, Sydney Cove. The settlement of Sydney in New South Wales was established as a penal colony and populated by convicts from britain.
Why is Sydney Australia's largest city?
Canberra is the capital city of Australia.
How old is sydney in Australia?
From A History of Sydney, below... "Sydney was founded in 1788 when the first fleet arrived in Australia from England." Click the link, below, to read more.
How old is Sydney Australia?
From A History of Sydney, below... "Sydney was founded in 1788 when the first fleet arrived in Australia from England." Click the link, below, to read more.
What country is Sydney Australia?
This is a "What color is George Washington's white horse?" type question.The city of Sydney, Australia is in the country of Australia, specifically in the Province of New South Wales.
Where was the site of the primary prison colony in Australia?
The first and primary penal colony in Australia was the settlement now known as the city of Sydney.
What is there to see between sydney and Australia?
There is no "between" Sydney and Australia. Sydney is in Australia.
