(in the US) Three tiered. Court of original jurisdcition (i.e.: the US District Courts - the US Appelate Courts - the US Supreme Court.
Congress
See the Judiciary Act of 1789. Not only did it establish the three tiered structure of the federal court system, but established the supreme court as well. It left the details of lower courts to Congress.
Judiciary Act of 1789
federal court system.
federal district court, federal court of appeals court,and the U.S. supreme court.
When the federal and state court systems are separate, it is referred to as a "dual court system." This structure allows for distinct jurisdictions, where federal courts handle cases involving federal law, while state courts deal with state laws. Each system operates independently, but they can intersect in certain cases, such as those involving federal questions or diversity jurisdiction.
The National Court System in the United States was established by the Judiciary Act of 1789, which was signed into law by President George Washington. The act created the federal judiciary, including the Supreme Court, and outlined the structure and jurisdiction of the federal court system. The creation of this system was influenced by key figures such as Alexander Hamilton, who advocated for a strong federal judiciary in the Federalist Papers.
Federal Court System
The federal court system comprises the Supreme Court, circuit courts of appeal, and district courts. There are also specialized federal courts.
The Judiciary Act of 1801 the federal court system expanded.
Federal Court System
Federal Court System