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A star near the Sun might be brighter or dimmer, it depends on how big it is. Each star has an absolute magnitude and if you find out a star's absolute magnitude, and then subtract 31.4, that would be its visual magnitude at the Sun's distance from us.
For a long times, it was considered to be VY Canis Majoris, but new studies have reduced its size. The present record is held by UY Scuti at 1708 times the diameter of the Sun. That works out to about 2,250,000,000km.
The absolute magnitude of a star depends on the size and temperature; a large cooler star can generate as much light as a small very hot star.
Earth's star is what we call the Sun, and it is a main-sequence star with a G2 spectrum and an absolute magnitude of +4.7.
Sirius has less absolute magnitude than Rigel. Sirius is smaller and less luminous than Rigel, but much closer to us, so Sirius appears brighter. Sirius, in fact, is the brightest star in our sky (with the exception of our own star, the sun.) Rigel is still pretty bright, but many times farther away from us than Sirius.
Main Sequence
Our sun has an absolute magnitude of 4.83, compared to Betelgeuse's absolute magnitude of -6.05. This means that Betelgeuse is more than 10 magnitudes brighter than our sun.
between the yellow stage color on the digram
No. The sun has an absolute magnitude of 4.83. By comparison, Betelgeuse has an absolute magnitude of -5.85. Lower numbers indicate a brighter star. In this case Betelgeuse is actually several thousand times brighter than the sun. The sun is the brightest star as measure by apparent magnitude, which is how bright a star looks from a given location and depends on both absolute magnitude and distance.
You cannot ask for an absolute magnitude and specify the distance, as the absolute magnitude is derived from a set distance of 32.616 light years.At that distance, the absolute magnitude of the Sun is +4.83From Earth the apparent magnitude -26.74
A star near the Sun might be brighter or dimmer, it depends on how big it is. Each star has an absolute magnitude and if you find out a star's absolute magnitude, and then subtract 31.4, that would be its visual magnitude at the Sun's distance from us.
The Sun has an absolute magnitude of about 4.8 and an apparent (visual) magnitude of around -26.7. It's roughly 150,000,000 km from Earth on average.
The apparent magnitude of the Sun is -26.73. (Yes negative)The absolute magnitude of the Sun is 4.83See related question for the difference between absolute and apparent magnitude.For comparison at maximum brightness.Full Moon -12.6Venus -3.8Mars - 3Sirius -1.47Ganymede 4.6Object visible with the naked eye 6.5
For a long times, it was considered to be VY Canis Majoris, but new studies have reduced its size. The present record is held by UY Scuti at 1708 times the diameter of the Sun. That works out to about 2,250,000,000km.
Yes, in "absolute magnitude", Mizar is much brighter than the Sun.
The largest stars would also be the brightest and that would put them near the top of the Hertzprung Russell diagram. The Sky Catalogue 2000.0 lists 50,071 stars of brightness down to magnitude 8.0. The brightest star is Rho Cassiopeiae with an absolute magnitude of -9.5, which is about 400,000 times more luminous than the Sun, and its spectrum is G2 like the Sun.
Apparent magnitude is the brightness of an object as seen from Earth without any atmosphere.Absolute magnitude is the brightness of an object as seen from a predetermined distance, depending on the object.For planets, the distance used is 1 AU (Astronomical Units). Stars and galaxies use 10 parsecs which is about 32.616 light years.The dimmer an object is the higher the positive value. The brighter an object is the higher the negative value.Examples:The Sun has an apparent magnitude of -26.74 but an absolute magnitude of 4.83Sirius has an apparent magnitude of -1.46 but an absolute magnitude of -1.42This means that from Earth, the Sun is a lot brighter, but if the Sun was replaced by Sirius, Sirius would be 25 times more luminous.See related links for more information