The term is the Holocaust.
The only groups singled out for extermination rather than enslavement were the Jews and the Romanies ('gypsies'). Please see related question.
They were taken to extermination camps. Please see related question.
Poland.
After the 1st year of WWII.
That is correct. The Nazis wanted to establish a super race, and that also involved the extermination of all Jews.
to the exxtermination camps.
The word is the Holocaust.
Concentration camps, Extermination camps and Death camps
Nazis considered the Jews a race whose goal was world domination and who, therefore, were an obstruction to Aryan dominance.
They were deported to the extermination camps. People came from the ghettos, or later they came from thier homes.
Yes, in extermination camps like Auschwitz, Treblinka and Sobibor.
in this context they would normal talk about the final solution to the Jewish question, which was the extermination of the Jews.