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Who may need this test for urodynamics?
Anyone with incontinence of unexplained or idiopathic origin.
When urodynamics are preformed and the physician only interprets the results what modifier is used?
-54
What is the medical term meaning study of the motion and flow of urine?
Urodynamics is the study of the motion and flow of urine.urodynamics
What has the author P H Abrams written?
P. H. Abrams has written: 'Urodynamic investigations' -- subject(s): Urodynamics
Is urodynamics testing painful?
It was for me because I have a cystocele, fallen bladder. Had it done yesterday afternoon but went out last night with some cramping. That is mainly due to cystocele.
What is the medical term meaning backflow of urine?
AlkaptonuriaVesicoureteral reflux is the backflow of urine into the kidneys.
Cost of urodynamics testing?
The cost for the actual test is approximately £220 in the UK at a private clinic if you are self-pay. The hospital will add a "hospital fee" on top of this, which will cost another £50 approximately. Don't forget you'll need to pay the consultant his fee for referring you - another £200. Total cost is therefore £500 approximately.
Is there any cure for overactive bladder?
Hypo tonic nurogenic urinary bladder can only be managed than can be cured. Intermittent self catheterisation, surgical removal bladder out let obstruction if implemented early when there are bladder contractions sufficient enough to void normally can revive the bladder . However a hypo-tonic bladder having very weak contractions on urodynamics and fail to revive even one year after ISC is unlikely to be revived though theoretically there is always some hope. This is quite unfortunate that no sufficient and sustained research has been undertaken so far and this condition is highly discouraged by urology experts and nurses .Electrical simulation of sacral nerves is an option, but with limited success. there is no adequate data on the acceptability and success rate of this procedure. This is not available in many developing countries and very few urologists have expertise in this area. So to say hypo tonic urinary bladder primarily is nurogenic is one of the most unfortunate diseases esp for men. Regular catheterisation have complications like infections, urethral changes including strictures, false passage, epidydimitis , orchitis, rapid development of resistant bacteria due to the need for repeated use of antibiotics. Unconventional medicine like homeopathy/ayrurveda unani / acupuncture claim that they can treat this condition but supporting clinical evidence e is pathetically lacking. This conditions restricts the moments, social contacts, travel and one should have toilet map while working out side. Catheterising in unhygenic surroundings is a real problum., Because of the nature of management this disease can trigger frequent dipressive moods.Fortunately Intermittent catheterisation is available as the only option in evacuating the bladder despite its complications and drugs are more or less empirical.Data relating to Research into drugs that can effectively contract bladder is very limited RAMK ramk61@rediffmail.com
Interstitial cystitis?
DefinitionInterstitial cystitis is a long-term (chronic) inflammation of the bladder wall.Alternative NamesCystitis - interstitial; ICCauses, incidence, and risk factorsInterstitial cystitis (IC) is a painful condition due to inflammation of the tissues of the bladder wall. The cause is unknown. The condition is usually diagnosed by ruling out other conditions (such as sexually transmitted disease, bladder cancer, and bladder infections).IC is frequently misdiagnosed as a urinary tract infection. Patients often go years without a correct diagnosis. On average, there is about a 4-year delay between the time the first symptoms occur and the diagnosis is made.The condition generally occurs around age 30 to 40, although it has been reported in younger people. Women are 10 times more likely to have IC than men.SymptomsPain during intercoursePelvic painUrinary discomfortUrinary frequency (up to 60 times a day in severe cases)Urinary urgencySigns and testsDiagnosis is made by ruling out other causes. Tests include:Bladder biopsyCystoscopy(endoscopy of bladder)Urine analysisUrine cultureUrine cytologyVideo urodynamics (shows how much urine must be in the bladder before you feel the need to urinate)TreatmentThere is no cure for IC, and there are no standard or consistently effective treatments. Results vary from person to person. As long as the cause is unknown, treatment is based on trial and error until you find relief.Elmiron is the only medication taken by mouth that is specifically approved for treating IC. This medicine coats the bladder like Pepto-Bismol coats the stomach.Other medicines may include:Opioid painkillers for severe painTricyclic antidepressants such as Elavil (amitriptyline) to relieve pain and urinary frequencyVistaril (hydroxyzine pamoate), an antihistamine that causes sedation, helps reduce urinary frequencyOther therapies include:Bladder hydrodistention (over-filling the bladder with fluid while under general anesthesia)Bladder training (using relaxation techniques to train the bladder to go only at specific times)Instilled medications - medicines are placed directly into the bladder. Medicines that are given this way include dimethyl sulfoxide (DMS), heparin, Clorpactin, lidocaine, doxorubicin, or bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine.Physical therapy and biofeedback (may help relieve pelvic floor muscle spasms)Surgery, ranging from cystoscopic manipulation to bladder removal (cystectomy)Diet modificationSome patients find that changes in their diet can help control symptoms. The idea is to avoid foods and beverages that can cause bladder irritation. Below are some of the foods that the Interstitial Cystitis Association says may cause bladder irritation.Aged cheesesAlcoholArtificial sweetenersChocolateCitrus juicesCoffeeCranberry juice (Note: Although cranberry juice is often recommended for urinary tract infections, it can make IC symptoms worse.)Fava and lima beansMeats that are cured, processed, smoked, canned, aged, or that contain nitritesMost fruits except blueberries, honeydew melon, and pearsNuts except almonds, cashews, and pine nutsOnionsRye breadSeasonings that contain MSGSour creamSourdough breadSoyTeaTofuTomatoesYogurtExperts suggest that you do not stop eating all of these foods at one time. Instead, try eliminating one at a time to see if that helps relieve your symptoms.Support GroupsFor additional information and support, see interstitial cystitis support groups.Expectations (prognosis)Treatment results vary. Some people respond well to simple treatments and dietary changes. Others may require extensive treatments or surgery.ComplicationsChronic depressionChronic pain that may cause a change in lifestyleEmotional traumaHigh costs associated with frequent medical visitsSide effects of treatments (depending on the treatment)Calling your health care providerCall your health care provider if you have symptoms of interstitial cystitis. Be sure to mention that you suspect this disorder. It is not well recognized or easily diagnosed.ReferencesHanno PM. Painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis and related disorders. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 10.French L, Phelps K, Pothula NR, Mushkbar S. Urinary problems in women. Prim Care. 2009 Mar;36(1):53-71, viii.Marinkovic SP, Moldwin R, Gillen LM, Stanton SL. The management of interstitial cystitis or painful bladder syndrome in women. BMJ. 2009 Jul 31;339.Reviewed ByReview Date: 06/17/2010Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Scott Miller, MD, Urologist in private practice in Atlanta, Georgia. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
What are Tarlov cysts?
Tarlov cysts are fluid-filled nerve root cysts found most commonly at the sacral level of the spine - the vertebrae at the base of the spine. These cysts typically occur along the posterior nerve roots. Cysts can be valved or nonvalved. The main feature that distinguishes Tarlov cysts from other spinal lesions is the presence of spinal nerve root fibers within the cyst wall, or in the cyst cavity itself. Due to the close proximity to the lower pelvic region, patients may be misdiagnosed with herniated lumbar discs, arachnoiditis, and in females, gynecological conditions. An accurate diagnosis may be further complicated if the patient has another condition that affects the same region. Incidence and Prevalence Small, asymptomatic Tarlov cysts are actually present in an estimated 5 to 9 percent of the general population. However, large cysts that cause symptoms are relatively rare. Tarlov cysts were first identified in 1938, yet there is still very limited scientific knowledge available. In a recent Tarlov cyst survey, an estimated 86.6 percent of respondents were female, and 13.4 percent were male. This condition affects women far more frequently than it affects men. The largest majority of respondents were ages 31 to 60, with a combined total of 80.4 percent in that age demographic. An estimated 33 percent of respondents had a cyst(s) present in other parts of the body, most commonly the abdomen or hand and wrists. An estimated 3 percent of respondents had no pain; 4.2 percent categorized their pain as very mild; 7.6 percent as mild; 31.5 percent as moderate; 38.6 percent as severe; and 15.1 percent as very severe. Source: Tarlov Cyst Support Group, Tarlov Cyst Survey Causes Although the exact cause is unknown, there are theories as to what may cause an asymptomatic Tarlov cyst to produce symptoms. In several documented cases, accidents or falls involving the tailbone area of the spine caused previously undiagnosed Tarlov cysts to flare up. Symptoms An increase in pressure in or on the cysts may increase symptoms and cause nerve damage. Sitting, standing, walking, and bending are typically painful, and often, the only position that provides relief, is reclining flat on one's side. Symptoms vary greatly by patient, and may flare up and then subside. Any of the following may be present in patients that have symptomatic Tarlov cysts.* Pain in the area of the nerves affected by the cysts, especially the buttocks * Weakness of muscles * Difficulty sitting for prolonged periods * Loss of sensation on the skin * Loss of reflexes * Changes in bowel function such as constipation * Changes in bladder function including increased frequency or incontinence * Changes in sexual function Diagnosis Tarlov cyst is difficult to diagnose because of the limited knowledge about the condition, and because many of the symptoms can mimic other disorders. Most primary care physicians would not consider the possibility of Tarlov cyst. It is best to consult a neurosurgeon with experience in treating this condition. Tarlov cysts may be discovered when patients with low back pain or sciatica have a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed. Follow-up radiological studies, in particular, computed tomographic (CT) myelography are usually recommended. If a patient has bladder problems and seeks medical help from an urologist, there are tests that can help diagnose Tarlov cyst. The standard urological tests for Tarlov cyst help determine if the patient has a neurogenic (malfunctioning) bladder. In urodynamics, the bladder is filled with water through a catheter and the responses are noted. Cystoscopy involves inserting a tube with a miniature video camera into the bladder via the urethra. A neurogenic bladder shows excessive muscularity. A third possible test is a kidney ultrasound to see if urine is backing up into the kidneys. Nonsurgical Treatment Nonsurgical therapies include lumbar drainage of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), CT scanning-guided cyst aspiration, and a newer technique involving removing the CSF from inside the cyst and then filling the space with a fibrin glue injection. Unfortunately, none of these procedures prevent symptomatic cyst recurrence. SurgeryTarlov cyst surgery involves exposing the region of the spine where the cyst is located. The cyst is opened and the fluid drained, and then in order to prevent the fluid from returning, the cyst is occluded with a fibrin glue injection or other matter. Neurosurgical techniques for symptomatic Tarlov cysts include simple decompressive laminectomy, cyst and/or nerve root excision, and microsurgical cyst fenestration and imbrication. The authors of one study found that patients with Tarlov cysts larger than 1.5 cm and with associated radicular pain or bowel/bladder dysfunction benefited most from surgery. The benefits of surgery should always be weighed carefully against its risks. OutcomePostoperative CSF leak is the most common complication, but in some cases, these leaks may self-heal. Patients may be advised to stay in bed with the foot of the bed raised, and to wear a corset to control swelling. Although it is low, there is a risk of developing bacterial meningitis. Although some patients have noted a considerable decrease in pain, the most common negative outcome is the failure of the surgery to eliminate the symptoms. In some cases, the surgery may cause an existing symptom to worsen or it may cause a new one. When all treatment options have been exhausted, it is very important for the patient to make any necessary lifestyle changes and to undertake a pain management strategy with his or her physician. Supervised pain management, as well as support groups, can help a patient cope and improve his or her quality of life.
Is solifenacin succinate indicated in uti?
no.Solifenacin succinate is indicated to treat overactive bladder, also known as urge incontinence.A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract. When it affects the lower urinary tract it is known as a simple cystitis (a bladder infection) and when it affects the upper urinary tract it is known as pyelonephritis (a kidney infection). Symptoms from a lower urinary tract include painful urination and either frequent urination or urge to urinate (or both), while those of pyelonephritis include fever and flank pain in addition to the symptoms of a lower UTI. In the elderly and the very young, symptoms may be vague or non specific. The main causal agent of both types is Escherichia coli, however other bacteria, viruses or fungi may rarely be the cause. Women are generally affected more often than men. The most common symptoms are burning with urination and having to urinate frequently (or an urge to urinate) and significant pain, during urination especially, but in general as well.. These symptoms may vary from mild to severe. Some pain above the pubic bone or in the lower back may be present. People experiencing an upper urinary tract infection, or pyelonephritis, may experience flank pain, fever, or nausea and vomiting in addition to the classic symptoms of a lower urinary tract infection. Rarely the urine may appear bloody or contain visible pyuria (pus in the urine). In certain people, symptoms may be different from the above. In young children, the only symptom of a urinary tract infection (UTI) may be a fever. In older children, new onset urinary incontinence (loss of bladder control) may occur. Urinary tract symptoms are frequently lacking in the elderly The presentations may be vague with incontinence, a change in mental status, or fatigue as the only symptoms. While some present to a health care provider with sepsis, an infection of the blood, as the first symptoms. Diagnosis can be complicated by the fact that many elderly people have preexisting incontinence or dementia.From past experience, I know that it is possible, but not overly likely that people can have UTIs that are asymptomatic until they get to a more serious stage when fever, nausea and vomiting are present. I have a long (20+yrs) history of occasional UTIs and so I know the symptoms all too well. I could tell, at a fairly early stage, when I'd be getting an infection and was usually able to get rid of them using at home remedies with only a handful requiring antibiotics. But, from about 2007 on, I had a problem where I had NO clue I had a UTI until I had a urine analysis as part of an ER workup. I had symptoms of the stomach flu, and because of medications I am on (some of which suppress my immune system) I cannot miss some of those meds or become dehydrated. So when the stomach flu hits, and lasts longer than 24 hrs or so, I need to get fluids and medications in my body, which means I get to go to the ER if it occurs on a weekend. I had a few ER trips for what seemed to be the stomach flu but always ended up with being treated for that but also being treated for a UTI. After the third time, I told the ER I thought it was the stomach flu, but that I might also have a UTI since my prior experiences proved that to be true.In uncomplicated cases, urinary tract infections are easily treated with a short course of antibiotics, although resistance to many of the antibiotics used to treat this condition is increasing. In complicated cases, longer course or intravenous antibiotics may be needed, and if symptoms have not improved in two or three days, further diagnostic testing is needed. In women, urinary tract infections are the most common form of bacterial infection with 10% developing urinary tract infections yearly. Phenazopyridine (Pyridium) is occasionally prescribed during the first few days in addition to antibiotics to help with the burning and urgency sometimes felt during a bladder infection. Oral antibiotics such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), cephalosporins, nitrofurantoin, or a fluoroquinolone substantially shorten the time to recovery with all being equally effective. A three-day treatment with trimethoprim, TMP/SMX, or a fluoroquinolone is usually sufficient, whereas nitrofurantoin requires 5-7 days. With treatment, symptoms should improve within 36 hours. About 50% of people will recover without treatment within a few days or weeks.Overactive bladder (OAB) is a urological condition defined by a set of symptoms: urgency, with or without urge incontinence, usually with frequency and nocturia. Frequency is usually defined as urinating more than 8 times a day. (Notice the lack of bacterial, viral or fungal cause.) there may be multiple possible causes. It is often associated with overactivity of the Detrusor urinae muscle, a pattern of bladder muscle contraction observed during urodynamics. Treatments for OAB are usually synonymous with treatments for detrusor overactivity. OAB is distinct from stress urinary incontinence, but when they occur together, the condition is usually known as mixed incontinence.Treatment for OAB includes lifestyle modification (fluid restriction, avoidance of caffeine), bladder retraining, antimuscarinic drugs (e.g. darifenacin, hyoscyamine, oxybutynin, tolterodine, solifenacin, trospium, fesoterodine), β3 adrenergic receptor agonists (e.g. mirabegron), and various devices (Urgent PC Neuromodulation System, InterStim). Botulinum toxin A (Botox) is approved by the FDA in adults with neurological conditions, including multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury. Botulinum Toxin A injections into the bladder wall can suppress involuntary bladder contractions by blocking nerve signals and may be effective for up to 9 months. A surgical intervention involves the enlargement of the bladder using bowel tissues, although generally used as a last resort. This procedure can greatly enlarge urine volume in the bladder.As a result of repeated UTIs over the course of an 11 mo span, in combination with a being catheterized frequently, as well as being bed-bound, I became completely incontinent for a time. That was the least of my worries at the time, as I was facing multiple potentially life-threatening infections, problems with being able to control nausea and vomiting, which lead to a weight loss of more than 100lbs as well as being told I'd never walk again. So needless to say, the issue of continence was not as much of a concern as staying alive, being able to keep food down, etc. After awhile, I progressed to a point that was not thought possible. I walk now, albeit rather slowly and with the aid of crutches as well as frequently using a wheelchair because of extreme fatigue and pain. But, I also made improvements with regard to no longer being totally incontinent. Now, I deal with a form of mixed bladder incontinence. For me, it's mostly in the form of OAB/urge incontinence where I am frequently using the bathroom along with some stress incontinence. If I were not dealing with the mobility issues, I'd not have as much of a problem. But when you cannot walk quickly and the urge to use the bathroom doesn't hit early enough that you have time to get up and walk to the bathroom, it can be quite a problem. I do take solifenacin succinate and it helps quite a bit. It's not a perfect solution. But for those times I get a UTI, I still must take an antibiotic. Solifenacin succinate does absolutely NOTHING for a UTI.
