You think probable to sodium chloride (NaCl).
Regular table salt.
To the best of my knowledge there should be sufficient iodine in the sea salt you use to make the sea water without adding more.
Natural Sea Salt and tap water. I use a pinch of salt for a shotglass amount of warm water. or you can use 1/4 tsp of salt for 8 oz water.
Make before an experiment; but avoid excess salt, you don't need salt water in the mouth.
The salt will make the rice taste better. It is true that the salt will make the water boil at a slightly higher temperature but the difference is very small.
I don't see why not. It should work as well as any other kind of salt. I don't think it matters what kind you use, since it's dissolved in water anyway, and NaCl is NaCl. In fact, kosher salt and plain salt, unlike table salt or sea salt, contain no iodine and are preferable to use in pickling, or making sauerkraut, as the iodine causes discoloration and cloudiness in the final product.
To make salt water, simply dissolve salt in water until no more salt can be dissolved. The ratio is typically about 1 cup of salt per gallon of water. Stir the mixture until the salt is completely dissolved. You now have salt water ready for use.
Why are you learning about this
Ions, use salt.
Most salt will work just be sure that what you use does not have YPS (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_ferrocyanide) in it as it clogs the cell and they are costly to replace.
You think probable to sodium chloride (NaCl).
You can make salt water for fiddler crabs. You need to use sea salt. Never use table salt. And you need to use distilled water or water that has been treated to remove the chlorine. You can get sea salt at a pet store. 1 tea salt to 1 gallon water. Change it often.