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Both the Mexican-American War (1846-1848) and the Gadsden Purchase (1853) resulted in the loss of northern New Mexico to the United States.

During the Mexican-American War (1846-1848) Mexico lost present-day California, Nevada, Utah parts of Colorado as well as most of northern New Mexico and Arizona. Also at the end of the war Mexico was forced to cease any attempt on reclaiming Texas, which had seceded in 1836. This is also known as the Mexican Cession (1848).

During the Gadsden Purchase (1853), Mexico sold parts of southern Arizona and New Mexico to the United States. This was the only peaceful purchase of land made from Mexico.

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