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It's called 'open cast' mining. Usually bulldozers are used to remove the topsoil, so that the diggers can get at the product to be mined. Once the supply is used up, the topsoil is normally replaced, removing all trace that mining took place.

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Q: What method is used to obtain the mineral deposit located just below the surface of the ground?
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Related questions

What is a mass of some mineral in rock or in the ground?

deposit


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Usually a precipitation of the mineral dissolved from its host rock by circulating hydrothermal or ground-water.


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deposit