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What model is used to explain the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts within eukaryotic cells?
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
I believe you are referring to the Endosymbiotic theoryby Lynn Margulis. She came up with the theory that states that eukaryotic cells engulfed smaller bacteria and over time, they became specialized organelles within eukaryotic cells.
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
Wiki User
∙ 12y agoChloroplast is a structure in plant cell. They are filled with chlorophyll, whic uses Sun's energy to combine water, carbon dioxide, and nutrients from the soil into sugar. This is the process of photosynthesis. Chloroplast is only found in plant cell.
The mitochondria provides energy for the cell. They are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they provide the location for the production of ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate). ATP is produced by aerobic respiration such as glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and electron transport. ATP in turn provides energy for the cell at the molecular level.
Wiki User
∙ 11y agoEndosymbiotic theory describes the evolution of eukariyotes.It shows how prokariyotes became eukariyotes and how ER,nucleus,mitochondria,chloroplast,golgi bodies evolved.
Wiki User
∙ 10y agoIt's known as the endosymbiotic (which means 'living inside') theory.
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What is the origin of chloroplasts?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts likely evolved from engulfed prokaryotes that once lived as independent organisms. At some point, a eukaryotic cell engulfed an aerobic prokaryote, which then formed an endosymbiotic relationship with the host eukaryote, gradually developing into a mitochondrion. Eukaryotic cells containing mitochondria then engulfed photosynthetic prokaryotes, which evolved to become specialized chloroplast organelles.
Mitochondria are what organelles?
A mitochondrion is itself an organelle. However, it does contain its own ribosomes. Ribosomes are regarded as organelles when they occur either free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The theory of the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria (and chloroplasts) states that mitochondria are descendants of free-living prokaryotic cells (bacteria). Bacteria contain ribosomes, and so do mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Is evidence for the endosymbiont theory explaining the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts?
According to the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of both chloroplasts and mitochondria, the ancestors of these two organelles were free-living prokaryotic cells.This theory states that an early eukaryotic cell engulfed a prokaryotic cell by endocytosis, much as one of our phagocytic white blood cells engulfs a bacterium.On this occasion, however, for some reason (a mutation having changed a protein on the surface of the smaller cell, perhaps?) the prokaryote was not digested, but remained in a structure which evolved into the modern chloroplast, whose outer membrane was the infolded eukaryotic one, and with an inner membrane representing the original prokaryotic plasma membrane. This particular prokaryote was, unlike the larger cell, capable of photosynthesis.In this relationship, both species benefited. The larger cell gained the ability to synthesize its own organic compounds from inorganic ones, and the smaller cell no longer had to search for protection or inorganic nutrients.The same theory assigns the origin of mitochondriato a similar, much earlier, event involving the engulfing of an aerobic prokaryote by a larger cell."Endosymbiosis" refers to the relationship between two species (symbiosis) in which one is inside (endo-) the other.Evidence for the theory includes:the size and shape of the organelles;their possession of a surrounding double membrane, the outer membrane more eukaryotic and the inner more prokaryotic in chemistry;the presence of DNA in both organelles, in the form of a circular molecule lacking associated proteins, with genes, transcription, and translation;the presence in both organelles of ribosomes that are similar in size to prokaryotic ones;the division by both organelles in a manner like binary fission.
Are both chloroplasts and mitochondria bounded by two membranes?
Yes. The outer membrane is similar to modern eukaryotic membranes, such as the plasma membranes of animals and plants. The inner membrane is similar to modern prokaryotic membranes, found in bacteria. This difference has been taken as one piece of evidence to support the theory of the endosymbiotic origin of these two organelles, i.e. the idea that each of these organelles formed originally from the engulfing of a prokaryotic cell by a eukaryotic one.
What do researchers think the origin of mitochondria are and why?
According to one hypothesis, once there was the ancestor of a eukaryotic cell, which swallowed a bacterium. But instead of digesting it, the eukaryotic cell used the bacterium to yield energy by feeding it. In other words, a symbiosis formed, where the former bacterium is protected from foes and gets sugar, whereas the eukaryote gets ATP.This hypothesis is based on the facts ofthe double cell wall of the mitochondria (the inner one rough like a bacterium one, the outer smooth like from a lysosome)the own DNA of the mitochondriathe 70S ribosomes (like bacteria have it) instead of eukaryotic 80S ribosomes
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
The Endosymbiotic Theory is a theory about how mitochondria and chloroplasts formed. The theory suggests that both the mitochondria and chloroplasts were once prokaryotic cells that were ingested but not digested by eukaryotic cells. This would explain why both have their own DNA.
What is the origin of chloroplasts?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts likely evolved from engulfed prokaryotes that once lived as independent organisms. At some point, a eukaryotic cell engulfed an aerobic prokaryote, which then formed an endosymbiotic relationship with the host eukaryote, gradually developing into a mitochondrion. Eukaryotic cells containing mitochondria then engulfed photosynthetic prokaryotes, which evolved to become specialized chloroplast organelles.
What is the likely origin of mitochondria?
the likely orign of mitochondria is like this random glup of toop. It has all that Shmuff in it.
What is the endosymbiotic hypothesis of the origin of the eukaryotic cell?
The theory is that the original Eukaryotic cell came about by the consumption of a Prokaryotic cell by another Prokayotic cell. This smaller cell was incorporated into the processes of the other - thus forming a symbiosis. This theory is supported by the fact that chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own DNA (separate from the nucleus).
The stongest evidence for the endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotic orgelles is the homology between extant prokaryotes and?
And the mitochondria in eukaryote cells.
What enabled the formation of true living cells?
Endosymbiosis enabled the formation of true living cells. This concept explains the origin of two biological structures, the mitochondria and the chloroplasts.
Which eukaryotic kingdom includes members that are the result of endosymbioses that included an ancient proteobacterium and an ancient cyanobacterium?
In 1905, the Russian biologist C. Mereschkowsky postulated that plastids (e.g., chloroplasts) are the evolutionary descendants of endosymbiotic cyanobacteria-like organisms. In 1927, I. Wallin explicitly postulated that mitochondria likewise evolved from once free-living bacteria. Here, we summarize the history of these endosymbiotic concepts to their modern-day derivative, the "serial endosymbiosis theory", which collectively expound on the origin of eukaryotic cell organelles (plastids, mitochondria) and subsequent endosymbiotic events. ...So either the answer is Plantae or maybe animalia? my bet is Plantae. *edit - Its Plantae :)
Mitochondria are what organelles?
A mitochondrion is itself an organelle. However, it does contain its own ribosomes. Ribosomes are regarded as organelles when they occur either free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The theory of the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria (and chloroplasts) states that mitochondria are descendants of free-living prokaryotic cells (bacteria). Bacteria contain ribosomes, and so do mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Is evidence for the endosymbiont theory explaining the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts?
According to the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of both chloroplasts and mitochondria, the ancestors of these two organelles were free-living prokaryotic cells.This theory states that an early eukaryotic cell engulfed a prokaryotic cell by endocytosis, much as one of our phagocytic white blood cells engulfs a bacterium.On this occasion, however, for some reason (a mutation having changed a protein on the surface of the smaller cell, perhaps?) the prokaryote was not digested, but remained in a structure which evolved into the modern chloroplast, whose outer membrane was the infolded eukaryotic one, and with an inner membrane representing the original prokaryotic plasma membrane. This particular prokaryote was, unlike the larger cell, capable of photosynthesis.In this relationship, both species benefited. The larger cell gained the ability to synthesize its own organic compounds from inorganic ones, and the smaller cell no longer had to search for protection or inorganic nutrients.The same theory assigns the origin of mitochondriato a similar, much earlier, event involving the engulfing of an aerobic prokaryote by a larger cell."Endosymbiosis" refers to the relationship between two species (symbiosis) in which one is inside (endo-) the other.Evidence for the theory includes:the size and shape of the organelles;their possession of a surrounding double membrane, the outer membrane more eukaryotic and the inner more prokaryotic in chemistry;the presence of DNA in both organelles, in the form of a circular molecule lacking associated proteins, with genes, transcription, and translation;the presence in both organelles of ribosomes that are similar in size to prokaryotic ones;the division by both organelles in a manner like binary fission.
Are both chloroplasts and mitochondria bounded by two membranes?
Yes. The outer membrane is similar to modern eukaryotic membranes, such as the plasma membranes of animals and plants. The inner membrane is similar to modern prokaryotic membranes, found in bacteria. This difference has been taken as one piece of evidence to support the theory of the endosymbiotic origin of these two organelles, i.e. the idea that each of these organelles formed originally from the engulfing of a prokaryotic cell by a eukaryotic one.
Distinguish between hypotheses that explain biodiversity and those that explain the origin of life?
Distinguish between hypotheses that explain biodiversity and these that explain the origin of life?
What do researchers think the origin of mitochondria are and why?
According to one hypothesis, once there was the ancestor of a eukaryotic cell, which swallowed a bacterium. But instead of digesting it, the eukaryotic cell used the bacterium to yield energy by feeding it. In other words, a symbiosis formed, where the former bacterium is protected from foes and gets sugar, whereas the eukaryote gets ATP.This hypothesis is based on the facts ofthe double cell wall of the mitochondria (the inner one rough like a bacterium one, the outer smooth like from a lysosome)the own DNA of the mitochondriathe 70S ribosomes (like bacteria have it) instead of eukaryotic 80S ribosomes
