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NaDH and FaDH2 are the electron carriers in ETS.
NADH and FADH2 carry the electrons oxidized from glucose to the electron transport chain.
NADH and FADH2
Metals donate electrons by losing electrons and forming positive ions.
A proton donor is a molecule that donates it's protons to other molecules.
1) depends up on the the element basically: metals (electropositive elements) can donate nonmetals can(electro negative )elements can accpect the electrons 2)the result: if an atom losses the electron it becomes positively charged normally metals donate the electons and become + charged.
The number of electrons atoms donate or accept or share has to do with the octet rule. The octet rule is a rule of thumb that reflectfalses thethis is not ture increase stability of an atom when it has a complete valence shell (which is usually 8 valence electrons). Therefore, if an electron has one less electron than is necessary to complete its outer valence shell, it will accept an extra electron. The halides, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine are all missing one electron to reach a stable octet (the noble gas configuration), and all accept one electron. The alkali metals, such as lithium, sodium, potassium and rubidium all lose one electron because they have one more electron than the noble gas configuration.See the Related Questions for more information about counting valence electrons and the octet rule.
Halogens have 7 valence electrons (electrons in their last shell), this means that they require one more electron to become stable (Octet rule). Electricity and heat are conducted when atoms share electrons by bonding (ionic, covalent, and metallic). Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity because they have free moving electrons. Halogens tend to keep their electrons since they have a -1 charge. As one electron is gained for the halogen atoms (diatomic) become stable, it conducts electricity and heat. However, the conduction of heat and electricity is poor because it barely reacts (only one electron reacts). Compare this to any other element which has a higher charge as (+2, -2, +3, -3, etc.), then the other element will conduct heat and electricity better than a halogen. This is because more electrons are shared / reacted, more conduction of electricity and heat (Heat and electricity are sometimes the result of electron movement, or that electrons carry heat and electricity). Note: A special case is an alkali metal which also has one electron to donate, therefore it has a +1 charge. Alkali metals still conduct electricity and heat because they have free moving electrons (delocalized in a sea of electrons moving freely even without reacting). Basically, metals have their own structure where all the electrons move around freely conducting electricity (therefore its an amazing conductor).
NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers. They are said to have reducing power because they donate electrons to components of the electron transport chain.
Hydrogen ions are pumped across the mitochondria's inner membrane producing a concentration gradient
A Lewis base donates electron pairs.
Ionic molecules donate electrons.
Metals donate electrons by losing electrons and forming positive ions.
NADH and FADH_2 donate their electrons to the chain
NADPH
FADH2 is an electron carrier similar to NADH, but only the second protein in the ETC accepts FADH2 electrons. So FADH2 is used in the ETC, but it produces less ATP due to it only entering the second protein in the ETC.
Acids receive electron. Alkalis donate. Acids donate hydrogen ion in solution. Alkalis donate hydroxyl ion in solution. Alkalis donate lone pair electrons.
Donor atoms are atoms that donate electrons and have an extra pair of electrons in their orbital. Acceptor atoms are atoms that accept electrons and have a empty orbital to accommodate the extra electrons.
It is enerated in plants during the process photophosphorylation (aka. photosynthesis) It is generated in plants through the process of photophosphorylation, in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
It has (and can donate) its only one valence electron: Lithium is in group 1.