A mutation in egg cells
Any mutation could do so.
The chimpanzee's offspring will have abnormal eyes.
A mutation in a sperm or egg cell means that the mutation while most likely be passed down to the offspring of that organism. If the mutation is in anything but a gamete, it will not be passed down.
The offspring will have abnormal eyes--APEX
Because the somatic mutation only produces the color of the iris of the eye. The germ mutation is in charge of the cell which will produce a gamete. It may be passed onto the offspring. So the somatic mutation isn't as important as the germ mutation.
The otter's offspring will not survive.
A mutation in a sperm or egg cell means that the mutation while most likely be passed down to the offspring of that organism. If the mutation is in anything but a gamete, it will not be passed down.
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The zebra will have offspring who cannot produce blood proteins.
A silent mutation
The curious thing about any type of genetic mutation is that it can change anything in any place on the affected chromosome. Most genetic mutations have no affect on the phenotype. In some extreme cases though (i.e. LOTS of radiation) offspring are known to have extensive genetic mutation.
The trait occurs by mutation.