Almost all green plants, but especially the cyanobacteria and phytoplankton (microscopic plants) that occur in the oceans.
trees
Photosynthetic cyanobacteria were the first organisms to produce oxygen. The effect of their oxygen production was that the earth became an environment which was suitable for life.
No organisms make "air." Air is the natural atmosphere of the earth. Most of it is nitrogen. Most plants take in carbon-dioxide, and produce oxygen. Most animals take in oxygen, and produce carbon dioxide.
If there was no plant life on earth, there would be no human life, or animal life of any kind. Without plants, there would be no autotrophs (organisms that produce their own food) so other organisms, which need to consume food, there would be no food for other organisms. Also, since plants produce oxygen for heterotrophs (organisms that consume food to produce energy), there would be no oxygen for us to breathe and we would suffocate.
sea organisms
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Cyanobacteria are believed to be responsible for establishing Earth's oxygen-rich atmosphere. Nearly 2.3 billion years ago, these microbes, which lived in the seas, were the first organisms to produce oxygen, leading to the transformation of the Earth's environment.
plankton
yes
The organism would die
Elemental oxygen did not appear on Earth until some time after life did. In fact, the oxygen was produced by life carrying out photosynthesis. The first organisms on Earth were anaerobic, meaning their life processes did not involve oxygen. To most organisms like this, oxygen was highly toxic.
trees