At perihelion, when the Earth is closest to the Sun, about January 4 each year.
This happens when earth is at perihelion, its closest approach to the sun, usually some time between January 2 and January 5. It does not happen at the solstice, December 21, as some think. The solstices are not lined up perfectly with aphelion and perihelion.
Aphelion is the point in a planet's orbit where it is farthest from the sun. This is when the planet is at its greatest distance from the sun in its orbital path.
Earth's orbital velocity is slowest on July 5 because that is when Earth is at aphelion, its farthest point from the Sun in its elliptical orbit. At this point, the gravitational pull from the Sun is weaker, causing Earth to move more slowly in its orbit.
The farthest point in an orbit is called the apoapsis, or apogee in the case of Earth orbits. This is the point where the distance between the orbiting body and the primary body is the greatest.
That point is called apogee and it rotates round the orbital plane every 19 years.
That point is called apogee and it rotates round the orbital plane every 19 years.
the suns gravitational pull is strongest because the earth is at its closest point to the sun.
The closest point in an orbit is called the perigee, for objects orbiting Earth, or periapsis for objects orbiting other celestial bodies.
On that date Earth is farthest away from the Sun.
Aphelion is 152,098,232 km (the distance when the Earth is furthest from the Sun in July) at that point it is moving slowest: 29,300 m/s. Perihelion is 147,098,290 km (in January when the Earth is closest to the Sun) the orbital speed is greatest: 30,300 m/s.
From the point of view of an observer on earth, the moon completes one orbital revolution every 27.32 days.
That point in the orbit of the moon which is at the greatest distance from the earth., Fig.: The farthest or highest point; culmination.