Apostles creed is the prayer that tells what Catholics believe.
That would be the Nicean Creed
Yes, but Catholics also believe that everyone should have the right to practice their own religion. In Catholic schools, there is prayer everyday, and Catholics believe that in public schools where there are kids of all different religions, they should have the freedom to pray or not.
Yes. The Jesus Prayer is for everyone.
Yes. Many Catholics ask priests to pray for them, or mention their request during their personal prayer at mass.
A lot. The entire prayer explains the core beliefs of Catholics. Throughout the prayer, certain sections are focused on members of the trinity. First, God the Father who created Heaven and Earth. Then, God the Son who came to save us from sins. Finally, God the Holy Spirit who has been the voice behind the prophets. The prayer also explains the relationship between them, that none created the other and have always existed.
Vespers is the Latin name for Evening Prayer in the Church, all Christians should pray in the Evenings. I believe that the Anglican Church uses the word for their Evening Prayer, or at least they did years ago.
catholics believe that you can be prayed out of hell, and that you wait in pergatory. no
The rosary is a much loved and venerated prayer among Catholics. But not all Catholics use this prayer. It is not considered "essential" to the Catholic faith. It is highly recommended, but not necessary. The Mass, for example, is absolutely necessary. The rosary is optional.
I am not sure what you mean by your question. Catholics do 'believe' in medicine.
No, Catholics do no believe that St. Anne was a virgin.
Catholics have never had to seek the permission of the pope to pray to God the Father, Son or Holy Spirit. Nor do they need permission from the pope to pray to the saints for intercession.
The Nicene Creed