Chester Arthur
The president who surprised everyone by turning reformer and advocating for civil service reform was Rutherford B. Hayes. His efforts to persuade Congress to pass the Pendleton Act in 1883 led to the establishment of a merit-based system for selecting and promoting government employees, as opposed to the previous practice of patronage or political favoritism.
James A. Garfield
Bureaucrats are responsible to many people including the president, Congress, and the voters. So, this would be pretty much everyone.
One example of Congress checking the President is through the impeachment process. Congress has the power to impeach the President if they believe he has committed "high crimes and misdemeanors." This allows Congress to hold the President accountable and potentially remove him from office if necessary.
No one: Everyone is dead. The question originally asked who becomes President if the President dies (the Vice President), and who becomes President if he subsequently dies (Speaker of the House), and so on (President pro tempore, then Secretary of State, other Cabinet secretaries, members of Congress, etc.). The complete Presidential line of succession is at the related link.
The fact that Truman won surprised most experts.
She gave presents to everyone.
It didn't take much after the attack of Pearl Harbor. Everyone was ready to fight.
Everyone is surprised when Otis Amber testifies in "Murder on the Orient Express" because he was not expected to be involved in the case or have relevant information. His sudden appearance and testimony catch everyone off guard, adding a new twist to the investigation.
no
Everyone who is not the President of anywhere
No, it is open to everyone.
Everyone likes pie!?!?!?!