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What process is thought to be involved in the genesis of eukaryotes from prokaryotes?
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∙ 14y ago
It is almost certain that DNA-bearing organelles like the mitochondria and the chloroplasts are what remains of ancient symbiotic oxygen-breathing proteobacteria and cyanobacteria, respectively, where the rest of the cell seems to be derived from an ancestral archaean prokaryote cell - a theory termed the endosymbiotic theory.
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∙ 14y ago
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Which process occurred frequently in the early history of the three domains on Earth and makes determining phylogenetic relationships of that time difficult?
Horizontal gene transfer permits gene flow from one organism's genome to another organism's genome, It occurs commonly between prokaryotes of different species, and even between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Transcription and translation can be coupled in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes justify the staement?
The transcription in eukaryotes, a much more complex process than in prokaryotes. In eukaryotes, transcription and translation take place in different cellular compartments:transcription takes place in the membrane-bounded nucleus, whereas translation takes place outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, the two processes are closely coupled. Indeed, the translation of bacterial mRNA begins while the transcript is still being synthesized. The spatial and temporal separation of transcription and translation enables eukaryotes to regulate gene expression in much more intricate ways, contributing to the richness of eukaryotic form and function.A second major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is the extent of RNA processing. Although both prokaryotes and eukaryotes modify tRNA and rRNA, eukaryotes very extensively process nascent RNA destined to become mRNA. Primary transcripts (pre-mRNA molecules), the products of RNA polymerase action, acquire a cap at their 5′ ends and a poly(A) tail at their 3′ ends. Most importantly, nearly all mRNA precursors in higher eukaryotes are spliced. Introns are precisely excised from primary transcripts, and exons are joined to form mature mRNAs with continuous messages. Some mRNAs are only a tenth the size of their precursors, which can be as large as 30 kb or more. The pattern of splicing can be regulated in the course of development to generate variations on a theme, such as membrane-bound and secreted forms of antibody molecules. Alternative splicing enlarges the repertoire of proteins in eukaryotes and is a clear illustration of why the proteome is more complex than the genome.
Protein synthesis in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
Protein synthesis occurs in cellular structures called ribosomes , found out-side the nucleus. The process by which genetic information is transferred from the nucleus to the ribosomes is called transcription. During transcription, a strand of ribonucleic acid (RNA) is synthesized.
Is Conjugation a process carried out by bacteria and eukaryotes or eukaryotes only?
It's usually BACTERIA only. It's only been documented in eukarya on a few occasions.
Where in the cells are the proteins made?
Proteins are made in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, there are proteins called ribosomes that link on to the mRNA and synthesize a protein. This process is called translation. In eukaryotes however, translation also occurs on ribosomes which are situated on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum. Although there are some notable differences in the process in which proteins are made in both systems, protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm.
Protein synthesis in eukaryotes is similar to the process in prokaryotes in that both eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
use codons to determine polypeptide sequences
What does your current evidence tell us about the evolution of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes are much simpler organisms than eukaryotes. It is thought that eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes. In both cases the evolution process was lengthy and similar to the evolution of other organisms.
What is the difference between prokaryotics and eukaryotics?
Major difference, Prokaryotes have no cell nucleus and eukaryotics do. Prokaryotes have been present before eukaryotes. Eukaryotes are thought to have evolved from prokaryotes throught the process of endosymbiosis.
Where does the process of making RNA from DNA occur?
nucleus for eukaryotes, cytoplasm for prokaryotes.
How is protein synthesis different in prokaryotes and eurkaryotes?
One way that protein synthesis differs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that gene groups that produce proteins are organized into operons in prokaryotes, but they are not organized into operons in eukaryotes. Also, protein synthesis in eukaryotes involves more protein and is a more intricate process than in prokaryotes.
Where does trancription occur?
Transcription is the process of formation of RNA. It takes place in nucleus in eukaryotes and in nucleoid in bacteria or prokaryotes .
What is the process of eukaryotic?
Eukaryotes are highly developed cells than prokaryotes. Eukaryotes contain membrane bound cell organelles such as nucleus, mitochondria, ER. Plant and animal cells comes in this category that carres diveres cell function including tranport, digestion, reproduction and so on.
Which process occurred frequently in the early history of the three domains on Earth and makes determining phylogenetic relationships of that time difficult?
Horizontal gene transfer permits gene flow from one organism's genome to another organism's genome, It occurs commonly between prokaryotes of different species, and even between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Transcription and translation can be coupled in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes justify the staement?
The transcription in eukaryotes, a much more complex process than in prokaryotes. In eukaryotes, transcription and translation take place in different cellular compartments:transcription takes place in the membrane-bounded nucleus, whereas translation takes place outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, the two processes are closely coupled. Indeed, the translation of bacterial mRNA begins while the transcript is still being synthesized. The spatial and temporal separation of transcription and translation enables eukaryotes to regulate gene expression in much more intricate ways, contributing to the richness of eukaryotic form and function.A second major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is the extent of RNA processing. Although both prokaryotes and eukaryotes modify tRNA and rRNA, eukaryotes very extensively process nascent RNA destined to become mRNA. Primary transcripts (pre-mRNA molecules), the products of RNA polymerase action, acquire a cap at their 5′ ends and a poly(A) tail at their 3′ ends. Most importantly, nearly all mRNA precursors in higher eukaryotes are spliced. Introns are precisely excised from primary transcripts, and exons are joined to form mature mRNAs with continuous messages. Some mRNAs are only a tenth the size of their precursors, which can be as large as 30 kb or more. The pattern of splicing can be regulated in the course of development to generate variations on a theme, such as membrane-bound and secreted forms of antibody molecules. Alternative splicing enlarges the repertoire of proteins in eukaryotes and is a clear illustration of why the proteome is more complex than the genome.
How do eukaryotes reproduce asexually?
mitosis
What type of ribosome is found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?
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Which process uses chloroplasts in eukaryotes?
The process known as Photosynthesis.
