oSldiers could not see and found it difficult to breathe.
Used as a weapon of war, explosive grenades are disgned to cause casualties. Other grenades may produce smoke for signalling, disperse tear gas, or start fires.
The first to use gas (tear gas) was by the french in August 1914 in the form of tear gas grenades (xylyl bromide) against the Germans. however the Chlorine gas was introduced to the trenches by German forces on 22 April 1915, at the start of the Second Battle of Ypres.
Tear gas is actually not a gas, but the vapor of a crystal. The two most common are CN and CS. When heated, or blown about in a fine powder, they cause a burning sensation sensation to the skin, eyes, and lungs. OC is an extract of the oil found in hot peppers, and is commonly used in self defense sprays.
There are three kinds of grenades. Antipersonnel grenades are used against people. There are fragmentation grenades, which break up when they explode and scatter, at high speeds, pieces of metal which injure or kill whoever you used the grenade against. There are also distraction grenades which create a loud noise and bright flash of light to stun the target...while they're stunned, you can rush in and take them into custody. (SWAT teams love distraction grenades.) Smoke grenades produce thick clouds of smoke. There are white smoke grenades used to conceal troop movements, and colored smoke grenades used for signaling. Product-delivery grenades come in two varieties. The first are White Phosphorous (willy-pete), which is an incendiary agent. The other are Tear Gas grenades.
The chemical name of Tear gas is 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile or o-Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile.(C10H5ClN2). Tear Gas aka CS Gas.
This depends on what kind of 40mm grenade you are talking about, its like asking how fast can a car drive. The 40mm grenades are used as both fragmentation grenades, designed to disperse shrapnel and either kill or wound enemy personnel, and penetrating grenades. Flares, smoke canisters, and CS tear gas may also be fired through a 40mm grenade launcher, but these weapons are not designed for armour piercing capabilities.
Ethers containing peroxides can be detonate as tear gas when heated. Unburned material may form powerful tear gas. When wet, also forms irritating formaldehyde gas.
The basic constituent of Tear gas is phosgen gas, COCl2 (Carbonyl chloride) and laughing gas is nitrous oxide or N2O.
tear gas Refer to the related links to see a Wikipedia article about tear gas.
lachrymator
The best known tear gas is "CS" gas- this contains carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and chlorine.
In fact there is a chemical composition of chloroform and nytric acid called Chloropcrin in tear gas which causes eye burning while tear gas cells are burst.