Surface Proteins
Antigens Antibodies neutralize these molecules.
antigen. Helper B and T cells most likely.
An 'avirulent' pathogen is a pathogen which is not virulent.This is similar to 'atypical' which means 'not typical'
The dimention
Technically a 'pathogen' IS measels. A pathogen is a fancy name for Bacteria. And a pathogen is a bacteria that IS a certin disease. Hencforth, the answer to your question would be measles IS its own pathogen.
Lymphocytes make a different antibody for each pathogens. They have this 'memory' of a pathogen they had previously come in contact with. The person is then said to be immune to that disease, as the lymphocytes know immediately which antibody to make.
pathogen means microorganism, so pathogen diseases means diseases caused by microorganisms
When the body is infected with a pathogen, the immune system recognizes the foreign bodies and raises the temperature to try and kill of the pathogens. This causes a fever, which is an increase in body temperature above 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit.
Its the antigen in a particular foreign body or pathogen that the body recognizes as "allo" or unfamiliar.. Maybe even harmful. So antibodies are produced against these antigens. And since they are 'neutralizing antibodies' it follows that the antigens they bind to are 'neutralizing antigens'
once the White blood cell (WBC) recognizes a pathogen it will use its plasma membrane to engulf the pathogen (endocytosis). the plasma membrane wraps itself around the pathogen bringing it in to the cytoplasm of the cell. it then will break off once the pathogen is inside enough. the pathogen with its surrounding plasma membrane forms an vesicle inside the larger macrophage (WBC). the vesicle and its contents are digested by the cell through the use of digestive enzymes and lysosomes.
You have to specify the pathogen.