The Modern State of Israel has little to do with Jewish faith, but a lot to do with Jewish identity. Israel is the only Jewish State in the sense that Greece is the only Greek State (except perhaps Cyprus). Israel actualizes many of the ideals of Jewish leadership and society and represents what being Jewish means as a group of people and a society. However, according to Jewish faith, there is no need for a State as God will protect His people. This is why Israel has little directly to do with faith. Regardless, much of the religious Jewish decisions and schools are in Israel and Israel's Jewish orientation facilitates the growth and development of these institutions.
In terms of Jewish identity, Ahad Ha'am explains that the Jewish Soul is intrinsically connected to his history and in the same way that a German-American can never be as properly German as a German in Germany, the People of Israel can never be as properly Jewish if they are not in the Land of Israel. The relics in that land speak to a Jewish sensibility and character.
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Israel has about 75% Jewish population.
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The Jewish nation is known as Israel. In past history present day Israel was known as Palestine; in Old Testament times Israel was the northern half of present day Israel, the southern half was known as Judea.
Israel was created as a nation with a Jewish majority and it has laws that make special provisions favoring Jewish immigration. As such, it is a Jewish nation. The largest religious minority in Israel are Muslims, with Christians coming in third place. The Israeli government recognizes Jewish, Isamic and Christian authority over religious matters such as marriage and divorce.
As to whether the existence of Israel has "tarnished" the Jewish identity, that is an argument made only by those who equate any action by Israel to the Jewish identity. Most Jews do not make that leap, but hold that Israel should behave according to Jewish ethical models. Most Jews also understand that much of the world would be critical of Israel even if it did nothing wrong since Anti-Zionism has become an effective replacement for now-unacceptable Anti-Semitism.It is rather odd that this connection between Israel's activities and Jewish Identity is even made. No other ethnic group worries about its identity being sullied by the activities of the "homeland nation". China commits an incredible number of human rights violation from the Laogai to the repression of Tibetan and Uiyghur autonomy, etc. However, nobody argues that Chinese identity is "tarnished" by the actions of China, since the identity of Chinese is not dependent on the actions of any state but on cultural and ethical norms. So it is with Jews.
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May 15th 1948.
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