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What two ions move up their concentration gradient in this pump?
glucose & sodium
What is the Common forms of transport?
Simple Diffusion - Lipid soluble molecules diffuse across the plasma membrane of a cell, uses no ATP energy and only occurs down a concentration gradient.Facilitated Diffusion - Molecules use the aid of proteins scattered throughout the plasma membrane to help them diffuse into or out of a cell, uses no ATP energy and only occurs down a concentration gradient.Co-transport - A molecule such as glucose may have a lower concentration inside a cell than outside so it attaches to a carrier protein, as does a molecule that is higher in concentration inside than outside, a sodium ion for example. The glucose is pulled through the membrane because of its concentration gradient, as this happens the sodium ion is also pulled through. This uses no ATP energy but only occurs if a molecule can move down a concentration gradient (on an exam paper you would have to explain that the sodium moves against a concentration gradient to get full marks).Active transport - A molecule uses the aid of carrier proteins to diffuse against a concentration gradient, this does use ATP energy. The ATP is needed to make the carrier protein change shape. This only occurs against a concentration gradient.
How does the sodium and potassium pump act to maintain the resting membrane potential?
Primary active transport is the process in which ions are moved across cell membranes against the electrochemical gradient using energy supplied directly be ATP. The action of the sodium-potassium pump is an important example of primary active transport.Secondary active transport is indirectly driven by primary transport. In the sodium-potassium pump, by pumping against the gradient, energy is stored in the ion gradient. Then, just as water pumped uphill can do the work as it flows back down, (think water wheel or turbine), a substance pumped across the membrane can do work as it leaks back, propelled downhill along the concentration gradient.
What process uses proteins to move molecules against a concentration gradient?
There are two processes, Exokineses and Endokineses. just to make sure, go to Biology-online.org Then type in these scientific names and see if they're right. TY
Why does sodium not just diffuse down the concentration gradient into the cell until concentrations become equal inside and outside of the cell?
Evolutionary reason: We evolved from single-celled organisms that lived in the ocean, in which sodium is abundant. Functional reason: Our cell membranes are semi-permeable, meaning some things can pass freely, but others can't. Charged molecules like sodium ions have to pass through special channels and these channels are normally closed. Some cells also have a sodium/potassium pump that actively pumps sodium out of cells and potassium into cells. This helps maintain the concentration gradient.
What is the active transport mechanism by which cells pump sodium and potassium ions against the concentration gradient.?
sodium-potassium pump
A transporter protien that carries a substance across a cellular membrane against its concentration gradient?
Sodium potassium ATPase pump.
What two ions move up their concentration gradient in this pump?
glucose & sodium
What isThe difference in concentration between a region of high concentration and one of lower concentration?
Regarded as existing through Space, or Time, or from one end of an aqueous Solution to the 'other'; these differences are seen to occur across a GRADIENT. In other related circumstances we are talking about a Spectrum.
What is the Common forms of transport?
Simple Diffusion - Lipid soluble molecules diffuse across the plasma membrane of a cell, uses no ATP energy and only occurs down a concentration gradient.Facilitated Diffusion - Molecules use the aid of proteins scattered throughout the plasma membrane to help them diffuse into or out of a cell, uses no ATP energy and only occurs down a concentration gradient.Co-transport - A molecule such as glucose may have a lower concentration inside a cell than outside so it attaches to a carrier protein, as does a molecule that is higher in concentration inside than outside, a sodium ion for example. The glucose is pulled through the membrane because of its concentration gradient, as this happens the sodium ion is also pulled through. This uses no ATP energy but only occurs if a molecule can move down a concentration gradient (on an exam paper you would have to explain that the sodium moves against a concentration gradient to get full marks).Active transport - A molecule uses the aid of carrier proteins to diffuse against a concentration gradient, this does use ATP energy. The ATP is needed to make the carrier protein change shape. This only occurs against a concentration gradient.
How are NaCl and water reabsorbed in proximal tubule?
Mitochondria are needed in order to supply the energy for the active transport of sodium ions out of the cells in the proximal tubule to create a concentration gradient which allows more sodium ions to enter the cell from the luminal side.Water passively follows the sodium out of the cell along its concentration gradient.
How are glucose molecules moved into cell?
Glucose can move into cells by active or passive transport, in both cases membrane-spanning proteins are required. Active transport (SGLT) uses the concentration gradient of Sodium ions to move glucose against its concentration gradient. Passive transporters (GLUT) are only effective if the concentration of glucose in the cell is lower than outside the cell.
What would happen to the resting membrane potential of a neuron if sodium were allowed to travel freely down its concentration gradient?
The cell will depolarise
What is the sodium potassium pump an example of?
The sodium potassium pump is an example of a type of ion transporter that operates via ATP. It is used to maintain the Na and K concentration gradient in cells.
What characterizes the sodium-potassium pump?
The sodium-potassium pump is extremely important, especially in your nerve cells (neurons). The pump has 3 binding cites for sodium ions, and 2 binding cites for potassium ions. It uses these binding cites to pump sodium to the outside of a membrane and potassium to the inside. This an example of using ATP (energy) to go against the concentration gradient.
To maintain solute concentration gradient in the renal medulla what is required?
active transport of sodium and chloride ions from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
Is lon pumps an example of passive transport?
No, it is an example of active transport. Ion pumps, such as a sodium or potassium pump, use ATP for energy and pump ions across a membrane. The pumps are necessary because the ions are going against the concentration gradient (Low concentration to high concentration. Therefore, ion pumps are an example of active transport
