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glucose & sodium

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Q: What two ions move up their concentration gradient in this pump?
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What is the active transport mechanism by which cells pump sodium and potassium ions against the concentration gradient.?

sodium-potassium pump


How is gradient of ions maintained in the mitochondria?

By the action of electrons going down the electron transfer chain the energy is provided to pump H + into the outer lumen of the mitochondria creating the concentration gradient for H + to come down it's concentration gradient through the ATP synthase.


What will most likely happen if the hydrogen pump protein in photosystem 2 does not move H ions into the thylakoid?

Well, not enough gradient will be built up so hydrogen comes down it's concentration gradient through the synthase and synthesizes ATP. Also NADPH will be adversely affected.


How does a cell maintain differences in concentration of certain ions on either side of the plasma membrane?

Cells maintain unequal concentrations of ions on opposite sides of a cell membrane through active transport.


Active transport pump that helps move materials form low to high concentrations?

Thesodium-potassium pump uses active transport to move 3 sodium ions to the outside of the cell for each 2 potassium ions that it moves in.


Is lon pumps an example of passive transport?

No, it is an example of active transport. Ion pumps, such as a sodium or potassium pump, use ATP for energy and pump ions across a membrane. The pumps are necessary because the ions are going against the concentration gradient (Low concentration to high concentration. Therefore, ion pumps are an example of active transport


What will most likely happen if the hydrogen pump protein in photosystem 2 does not move enough H ions into the thylakoids?

Well, not enough gradient will be built up so hydrogen comes down it's concentration gradient through the synthase and synthesizes ATP. Also NADPH will be adversely affected.


What will most likely happen if a toxin causes the hydrogen ion pump to stop moving H ions outside the mitochondrial membranes of the bird's cells?

Then there will be no build up of protons in the outer lumpen of the mitochondria. Without a heavy concentration of hydrogen ions ( protons ) there there will be no moment of hydrogen ions down their concentration gradient through the ATPase pump and no ATP generated.


Which pump transports ions against their concentration?

active transport pump


Proceeds Against a concentration Gradient requires a carrier?

Solute pump


Which channel maintains the concentration gradients of ions across a neuronal membrane?

The sodium- potassium pump pump moving Na+ ions out and K+ ions in


What is the transport of materials against a concentration gradient called?

The process of moving materials against a concentration gradient is called active transport. Active transport generally uses a protein pump to move molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration; in order to perform an active transport, the cell must use some of its energy to initiate the reaction.