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What shows the sizes of DNA fragments between restriction sites?
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Do restriction enzymes cut protein molecules at specific sites?
No. restriction enzymes do not cut proteins. restriction enzymes cut DNA molecules at specific sites called restriction sites.
What is a restriction map?
A restriction map plots restriction sites within a chain of DNA. You cannot create a restriction map without restriction enzymes. Restriction sites are points in a DNA molecule that contain certain strings of nucleotides, which can only be identified by restriction enzymes.
How do you use electrophoresis to determine paternity of a baby?
Children receive half of their genetic material from each parent. There are specific sites on DNA, known as restriction sites, that are recognized by restriction enzymes. These are used to determine paternity. Samples of DNA from the mother, father and child are taken. They are all digested ('cut') by the same restriction enzymes. These DNA fragments are then separated by gel electrophoresis (which separates fragments based on size). The bands of the child are compared to the mother and father's. If the band is not the same as the mother's, it must have come from the father. If these do not match up, then the sample was not taken from the biological father.
Can Restriction Enzymes be used on all DNA?
Restriction enzymes cut DNA at sites called restriction sites on the DNA. These restriction sites are specific sequences of 6 - 8 nucleotide bases. Restriction enzymes can be used on all types of DNA. If the DNA is cut by a certain restriction enzyme, then we know that the DNA contained the restriction site. This sort of an experiment is called restriction site analysis
What does the charge of DNA have to do with DNA fingerprinting?
DNA is of a negative charge. So when gel electrophoresis is used on it the DNA fragments are attracted to the positive end of the electrophoresis. The fragments of different lengths travel down the gel towards this end. The longer length fragments travel less and so are farther from the positive end. By looking at these DNA fragments, which are created by cutting DNA with restriction enzymes one can compare and contrast DNA. Thus DNA fingerprinting can take place based on the different restriction sites in DNA (cut by the enzymes) forming different length segments of DNA.
How do restriction sites and a restriction map relate?
Restriction maps show the lengths of DNA fragments between restriction sites in a strand of DNA.
How are restriction maps used?
They are used to show the lengths of DNA fragments between restriction sites in a strand of DNA.
What is the simple rule relating the number of fragments to the number of restriction sites presents on the linear DNA molecule?
Let N = number of fragments: For circular DNA, the number of restriction sites= N For linear DNA, the number of restriction sites= N-1
What are cutting DNA at specific sites to form restriction fragments called?
RFLPs
What are enzymes cutting DNA at specific sites to form restriction fragments called?
restriction enzymes or endonuclease enzymes
If you took a linear piece of DNA and cut it with the restriction enzyme EcoRI and it had three restriction sites for EcoRI, how many fragments would you produce What if you had a circular piece of DNA?
If the plasmid has 3 recognition sequences for a given restriction endonuclease, then 4 linear DNA fragments are obtained because, if the DNA is linear then the number of fragments obtained is (N+1) whereas if the DNA is circular then the number of fragments obtained will be N for N recognition sequences for the given restriction endonuclease in a plasmid.
Do restriction enzymes cut protein molecules at specific sites?
No. restriction enzymes do not cut proteins. restriction enzymes cut DNA molecules at specific sites called restriction sites.
Why do the number of DNA fragments and the length of each fragment produced by RFLP analysis differ from person to person?
As the DNA fragments results from the action of the restriction enzymes and on the other hand mutations alter the sites where the restriction enzymes react therefore there is difference in number and of length of each fragment from person to person.
What is a restriction map?
A restriction map plots restriction sites within a chain of DNA. You cannot create a restriction map without restriction enzymes. Restriction sites are points in a DNA molecule that contain certain strings of nucleotides, which can only be identified by restriction enzymes.
How do you use electrophoresis to determine paternity of a baby?
Children receive half of their genetic material from each parent. There are specific sites on DNA, known as restriction sites, that are recognized by restriction enzymes. These are used to determine paternity. Samples of DNA from the mother, father and child are taken. They are all digested ('cut') by the same restriction enzymes. These DNA fragments are then separated by gel electrophoresis (which separates fragments based on size). The bands of the child are compared to the mother and father's. If the band is not the same as the mother's, it must have come from the father. If these do not match up, then the sample was not taken from the biological father.
Can Restriction Enzymes be used on all DNA?
Restriction enzymes cut DNA at sites called restriction sites on the DNA. These restriction sites are specific sequences of 6 - 8 nucleotide bases. Restriction enzymes can be used on all types of DNA. If the DNA is cut by a certain restriction enzyme, then we know that the DNA contained the restriction site. This sort of an experiment is called restriction site analysis
What determines the distance of the DNA fragments?
By the size of the DNA molecule. longer DNA molecules move slower, and shorter DNA molecules move faster!
