The third method of modulation is Phase Modulation (PM) - very similar in some respects to Frequency Modulation (FM) - It is not used in radio transmission, providing little benefit over FM but requiring a much more complex receiving device.
PM modulates the phase relative to the signal. The mathematics is horrific and it has been nearly 40 years since I had anything to do with it and that was only as an apprentice.
Wikipedia
does have a reasonably good description of PM
amplitudefrequencyphase
In communications, a continuous frequency voltage or electromagnetic wave capable of being modulated or impressed with a second signal which carries the information to is transmitted.
For transmission through a radiowave.
A sine wave has no harmonics. It only has a fundamental, so the value of the 2nd, 3rd, and 12th harmonics of a sine wave is zero.
If the modulating system is AM (Amplitude Modulation) then the amplitude of the carrier wave changes with the amplitude of the modulation. On a specrum analyser that shows up as frequency sidebands. If the frequency of the carrier waves depends on the amplitude of the modulating signal that is called FM (frequency modulation). On a spectrum analyser that shows up as sidebands also.
amplitudefrequencyphase
recovering the information content from modulated carrier wave
Amplitude, Frequency and Phase
color
Color
Modulation is a word applied to anything that varies in level. Brake pads are modulated in an anti lock braking system. The human voice can be modulated whilst singing to give a pleasing sound An audio signal can be superimposed upon a carrier wave in broadcasting. The carrier wave is amplitude modulated by the audio signal.
Carrier Wave: A carrier wave is a high-frequency electromagnetic wave that is used as the "carrier" or the base signal in a modulation process. It is typically a pure sine wave with a constant frequency and amplitude. The carrier wave by itself does not carry any information; it serves as a vehicle to carry the information from one location to another. In AM and FM radio broadcasting, the carrier wave is the primary signal transmitted by the radio station. Modulated Wave: A modulated wave is the result of combining the carrier wave with an information signal, such as an audio signal or data. Modulation is the process of varying the characteristics of the carrier wave (either its amplitude or frequency) in accordance with the information signal. There are two common types of modulation: Amplitude Modulation (AM) and Frequency Modulation (FM). In AM, the amplitude of the carrier wave is varied in proportion to the amplitude of the information signal. This variation encodes the information onto the carrier wave. In FM, the frequency of the carrier wave is varied in proportion to the amplitude of the information signal. This variation encodes the information onto the carrier wave. The modulated wave contains the information that needs to be transmitted, and it can be demodulated at the receiving end to retrieve the original information.
The signal from the microphone isn't modulated. The radio wave is modulatedwith the microphone signal. 'Modulation' just means the process of addinginformation to the bare radio wave.
Modulation is where an electronic signal (base) is combined with another electronic signal (carrier).The base could be audio, video or digital. The carrier is the frequency that a receiver (radio or television) is tuned to.The modulated wave is the result of this combination.
In communications, a continuous frequency voltage or electromagnetic wave capable of being modulated or impressed with a second signal which carries the information to is transmitted.
In communications, a continuous frequency voltage or electromagnetic wave capable of being modulated or impressed with a second signal which carries the information to is transmitted.
Amplitude (the height of the wave)