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First let's assume the question is about a star's actual brightness not apparent brightness as seen from Earth.

There are in fact several possibilities.

The Hertzprung-Russell diagram is helpful here.

One possibility is red dwarfs and white dwarfs.

Of course there's large variation within these groups, but a red dwarf can certainly have a luminosity that's similar to a white dwarf.

If the question is about apparent brightness, then a distant luminous star can appear similar in brightness to a nearby faint star.

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Q: What two groups of stars can have similar brightness?
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Which two groups of stars can have similar brightness?

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