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Q: What two things did Ruhollah Khomeini do early in his cereer at ayatollah?
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Which exiled religious leader led the religious opposition to western influences in Iran?

No one - Ayatollah Khomeini had VERY DIFFERENT ideals to the regime set up that used his name (we must remember, Khomeini was very poorly healthwise by the 1980s and a lot of things were done in his name that he would not approve), he was exiled in France (the West) and his pre-revolutionary tapes did not feature anti-Western culture propaganda or repression. In fact, the original ideas of those who lead the revolution inclusive of Khomeini favoured a French style republic. The real (much more moderate Khomeini) and the popular image (an image largely forged by those who spoke in his name when Khomeini himself was sick) are very different. If Khomeini had good health, Iran would be very different today.


Who is Iran's ruler?

Up until Ayatolla Khomeini overthrew the Iranian government in 1979, Iran constituted the world's oldest sustained monarchy - over 2,500 years old in 1971. Kings of Iran (or Persia, as it was known before 1935) included King Darius, Xerxes and ArteXerxes. Xerxes is the King remembered for ruling over the largest empire on Earth until he was overthrown by Greek King Alexander the Great. Xerxes is also known as the King who attacked Greece and fought the Spartans at the pivotal Battle of Thermopylae. That battle is considered one of the most single important events in Western history. Had the Spartans not sacrificed themselves at the Thermopylae Pass, and their fellow Greeks not defeated the Persian Army weeks later, Western ideals of Freedom, Government and Society would likely not exist as it does today. Western countries owe much to the Greeks of old. More recently, the last Emperor, or Shahanshah (Shah), to sit on the Persian throne was Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, of the Pahlavi Dynasty. While a staunch ally and friend of Western Nations (the US in particular), his secret police force, known as Savak, became infamous in Iran for its torture methods and treatment of civilians. It was Savak and the rapid pace of modernization to western culture and ideas that led to the Shah's downfall. Contrary to popular belief, the Iranian people are extremely friendly - they are right now just under tyrannical rule. Which brings up the old adage "Be careful what you wish for". They were so adamant to get rid of the Shah and the monarchy, that they never considered the consequences of Khomeini taking power. They and the world are still paying for that mistake. The Persian Monarchy line still exists in exile - the Shah's son and wife, Crown Prince Reza Pahlavi, lives about 40 miles from me here in the D.C. area, and his mother Empress Farah, lives in California. He also has several sisters and children, though one of his sisters, Leila, died in 2006. He constantly works toward betterment of lives in Iran, and the end to torture and tyrannical rule there. He was living in Texas in 1979 training to be a fighter pilot when his father's government was overthrown. While I don't personally agree with some of his political views, I do admire his unwavering support for his people. While some would talk peace with Iran, the western press doesn't bother to report on the true conditions there. Execution of children has long been an approved punishment for crimes or minor infractions, real or implied by the government. Women who have been abused by their husbands and have fought back, may receive either executions or dismemberment. As bad as things were even when I lived there in 1970, the Shah was never that cruel. Since that time, Iran has been ruled by totally inept mullahs and low ranking officials. Most people of education left Iran, and things are almost at a tipping point now where another internal revolution is entirely possible.


What does Iran's flag design mean?

The symbol on the Iranian flag means two things. It spells "Allah" (Al-llah, "the creator"), although it does demand some creativity in order to see this. Secondly, it represents the double-edged sword of Ali, a highly revered figure to Shiites. The "W" looking symbol over the middle of the symbol is called a "shadda" or "tashdid", which basically doubles the letter that is beneath it, or places extra emphasis on it. This allows for "Allah" to be spelled correctly, and also "doubles" the "blade" of Ali's sword. Among opponents of Ayatollah Khomeini, there is also a sort of conspiracy theory that suggests he is actually a Sikh; Khomeini grew up in a province with a large Sikh minority, and the Sikh symbol does bear a significant resemblance to the symbol on Iran's flag. However, it is more likely he simply found the symbol aesthetically pleasing.


What did the ayatollahs demand?

Ayatollah is a religious rank, not a specific group of individuals at a specific time. As a result, Ayatollahs have demanded many different things at different periods of time. If the question is specifically referring to the Ayatollahs of Iran in the second half of the 20th century, those Ayatollahs were demanding increasing adherence by the government to Shiite Islamic Law.


Who is in power in Iran?

Seied Ali Khameneie (سید علی خامنه ای) is the leader in Iran which has the power to do anything, but we have other powerful characters in Iran for instance Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani (علی اکبر رفسنجانی) and so many more


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