What type of receptors are involved with vision?

Answer 1

The rod and cone cells of the eye's retina are specialized to respond to the electromagnetic radiation of light. The total number of rods in the human retina (91 million) far exceeds the number of cones (roughly 4.5 million).
The highest concentration of cones is in the macula. The fovea centralis, at the center of the macula, contains only cones and no rods.
The macula lutea is the small, yellowish central portion of the retina. It is about 5.5 mm in diameter and is the area providing the clearest, most distinct vision.
When one looks directly at something, the light from that object forms an image on one’s macula.
A healthy macula ordinarily is capable of achieving at least 20/20 (“normal”) vision or visual acuity, even if this is with a correction in glasses or contact lenses.
The rods are most sensitive to light and dark changes, shape and movement and contain only one type of light-sensitive pigment.
Rods are not good for color vision. In a dim room, however, we use mainly our rods, but we are "color blind."
The cones are not as sensitive to light as the rods. However, cones are most sensitive to one of three different colors (green, red or blue).
Signals from the cones are sent to the brain which then translates these messages into the perception of color. Cones, however, work only in bright light.
That's why you cannot see color very well in dark places. So, the cones are used for color vision and are better suited for detecting fine details.
Some people cannot tell some colors from others - these people are "color blind." Someone who is color blind does not have a particular type of cone in the retina or one type of cone may be weak.
In the general population, about 8% of all males are color blind and about 0.5% of all females are color blind.

Answer 2

rods and cones