Their feet, except that their cavalry used horses and their supply was carried by donkeys.
No, its opponent Athens did, brought on be its people being cooped up in Athens under siege by the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta.
The Athenian empire was stronger at sea, the alliance led by Sparta was stronger on land.
You are obviously asking about ancient Athens. Well, during the years there were different allies to Athens according to what the needs required. At some point it could have been Sparta and then at another they were one against the other. Anyway, Sparta was mostly allied to Athens when it comes to matters of being commonlt threaten. Thebes and Megara were also traditional allies on account of being close to Athens. Boetians and Corinthians too for the same reason.
Persian Empire.
Each had allies which augmented its power. Athens had an empire of about 180 city-states spread around the eastern Aegean Sea,. It had strong walls, which extended down to the sea, which enabled it to be resupplied during a siege. It also had a superior navy, which gave it the ability to threaten and raid opposing cities of the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta, and to ensure resupply of the city by sea from its empire. The Peloponnesian League had the strongest land forces, and was able to besiege Athens. By whittling don Athens' allies, it progressively reduced Athens' power and resupply, until finally after 27 years of fighting, the Athenian fleet was destroyed (Persia gave money to pay for a Peloponnesian fleet) and Athens was starved into submission.
Athens is defeated by Sparta .
Sparta
In academics, Athens was better. When it came to fighting, Sparta was better.
Sparta
Sparta .
They were already allies, Sparta having supported the establishment of the democratic regime in Athens. When the Persians sent the punitive expedition against Athens for interfering in Asia Minor, Athens called on Sparta for support, however the Spartans arrived to late to join in the battle at Marathon. With the Persian decision to take over all the Greek city-states, the cities had the option of either agree, as did some of the cities, or fight against it. Sparta and Athens both agreed to join with the city-states which resisted.
No, its opponent Athens did, brought on be its people being cooped up in Athens under siege by the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta.
The Athens defeat of Sparta. This is one of the fields of study in which Athens excelled during its Golden Age.
Sparta by far. The Sparta's military forces dominated during their glory days, and no one stood in their path.
The Athens defeat of Sparta. This is one of the fields of study in which Athens excelled during its Golden Age.
The Persian Empire .
The actual trigger was Athens' ruinous trading ban on its neighbour Megara, which was a member of the Peloponnesian League headed by Sparta which was opposing Athenian expansionism. The League asked Athens to rescind the ban, Athens refused and war broke out.