What was Ferdinand Marcos' land reform program?

Answer 1

1. Ferdinand Marcos was the son of a politician, he practiced as a trial lawyer before serving under Manuel Roxas, the first Introduction president of the independent Philippines. He was himself elected president in 1966. In his first term, he made progress in agriculture, industry, and education.
2.  Certain habits/behaviors of the people contribute to the obstacles to modernization. 1. Ethic of "utang na loob" . 2. Colonial mentality . 3. In-group harmony and coherence .  A spirit of self-sacrifice for the progress of the nation was needed.  "Sa ikauunlad ng bayan, disiplina ang kailangan" .
3. The specific areas of the New Society envisioned by Pres. Marcos for reform: 1.Peace and Order 2.Land Reforms 3.Educational Reforms 4.Labor Reforms 5.Government Reorganization 6.Economic Reforms 7.Social Services
4. 1. Peace and Order Martial law - to restore peace and order Criminals were either captured and detained or killed 2. Land Reforms Exploitation of the poor and landless peasants by their landlords Presidential Decree No. 2 - proclaiming the "whole country as a reform area" Presidential Decree No. 27 - abolishes tenancy By the end of martial law in 1981, 532, 153 tenant-farmers had become owners of rice and corn lands in 45 provinces.
5. 3. Educational Reforms Marcos believed that education was a very important role towards the goal of the "New Society". President Marcos vowed that his administration "shall educate our children, our men and women, and ourselves." Education Development Decree of 1972 - defines a more responsive role for the education system
6. 4. Labor Reforms First Labor Day Presidential Decree No. 21 - fast and just settlements of disputes through the National Labor Relations Commission Presidential Decree 99 - minimum wages for household helpers Presidential Decree No. 143 - "Blue Sunday Law" (mandatory rest for every worker once a week) Presidential Decree No. 148 - eliminates anti-employment provisions of the Woman and Child Labor Law Presidential Decree No. 197 - More effective apprenticeship program
7. 5. Gov't Reorganization Presidential Decree No. 1 - "Integrated Reorganization Plan (dismiss corrupt officials) (a total of 6, 655 employees were dismissed) 6. Economic Reforms Year Annual rate of Growth Pre-War 3.3% GNP Growth Post-War 5.5% Rate 1978-1979 6.1% 1979-1980 5.4% 1980-1981 4.9%
8. Pre-War (1920- Post-War (1946- 1978-1980 1940) 1970) Rice Rice Coconut Corn Corn Centrifugal Sugar Sugar Sugar Lumber/Plywood 6 Key Industries of the Coconut Coconut Copper/Iron Philippines Abaca Logs Fruits/Vegetables Tobacco Copper Miscellaneous products Presidential Decree No. 3 - appropriating funds for public works involving rehabilitation and capital development
9. 7. Social Services The Marcos Administration extended social services available to the people, focusing on the people affected by poverty Aim - to make the people self-reliant and productive 1.Health and Nutrition 2.Family Planning 3.Housing and Human Settlements