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In February 1865, President Lincoln and Secretary Seward met the Confederate Vice-President Alexander Stephens and other officials aboard Lincoln's steamboat, the River Queen. They sat in the boat's saloon for a few hours and cordially discussed what they could do to end the war, which everyone desired. They were willing to compromise on just about anything except the issue of whether the CSA was an independent country. Lincoln refused to recognize that; he insisted the CSA was just a lot of rebellious states.

Lincoln was not simply being stubborn. If he recognized the Confederate government, they could declare an immediate armistice, but then the USA and CSA would have to exchange ambassadors and "treat" with each other through diplomatic protocol rather than on the battlefield. There was no advantage to Lincoln in this; the Confederates had nearly lost the war. Furthermore such diplomatic recognition might lead Britain and France to recognize the CSA as well, which would enable the Confederates to obtain aid from those countries if hostilities broke out again with the USA.

And in the background of all this was the plain fact that the Radical Republicans would not stand for any recognition of the Confederacy. If Lincoln were too lenient or generous, they would call him a traitor and maybe assassinate him. (Some people theorize that Edwin Station had Lincoln assassinated for this very reason.)

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Q: What was an attempted compromise to end the US Civil War?
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