0
What was overall reaction of Allied soldiers who liberated the concentration camps?
Wiki User
∙ 8y agoWant this question answered?
Be notified when an answer is posted
Add your answer:
Earn +20 pts
What was the overall reaction of allied soldiers who liberated the concentration of death camps?
shock
What was the overall reaction of allied soldiers who liberated the concentration and desth camps?
shock
How is rate of a chemical reaction usually expressed?
Rates of reaction can be expressed depending upon their order.For example say you have a reaction between two chemicals and the initial rate for that reaction is known :-when:-The concentration of one of the reactants is doubled and the other reactants concentration remains the same and the overall rate of reaction does not change - reaction is zero orderwith respect to chemical which was doubled.The concentration of one of the reactants is doubled and other reactants concentration remains the same and the overall rate of reaction doubles - reaction is first order with respect to chemical which was doubled.The concentration of one of the reactants is doubled and other reactants concentration remains the same and the overall rate of reaction quadruples - reaction is second order with respect to chemical which was doubled.Zero Orderrate = kFirst Orderrate = k [A] (reaction is 1st order with respect to [A] and 1st order overall)Second Orderrate = k [A][B] (reaction is first order with respect to [A] and first order with respect to[B], reaction is second order overall)rate = k [A]2 (reaction is second order with respect to [A] and second order overall)Orders are simply added together in order to determine the overall order of reaction :-rate = k [A][B][C] would be third order overall and first order with respect to each of the reactantsThere are other orders of reaction, for example 2 and 3 quarter orders and third order reactions, but these are a little more complex.
How is the rate of a chemical reaction usually expressed?
Let assume a simple synthesis chemical reaction in solution (the solute is inert for the considered phenomenon). We can write A + B -> C and image to start with a concentration CA and CB of the components A and B and with no molecule of C. At the beginning A and B combine to form C at high speed, since no C is yet present. While the reaction goes on, C start to be present in a certain concentration CC and also the inverse reaction starts to happen, that is C decomposes in A+B. In an instant t, the rates of variation of the concentration of the three substances, that is the quantity of substance produced (or consumed if the rate is negative) in a very small time interval (let us call them RA, RB and RC) follows the so called chemical kinetics laws RA = ki CC - kd CA CB RB=RA RC=kd CA CB - ki CC where the parameters kd and ki are called direct and inverse reaction rates. Their values depends on the microscopic characteristics of the involved molecules, like collision section so on. This is a very simple situation in which the synthesis happens directly by uniting an A molecule with a B molecule. There are much more complicated reactions, where the reaction happens in a set of subsequent states and stoichiometric coefficients different from one are present. For example oxidation of carbon oxide to carbonn dioxide NO2 + CO -> NO + CO2 is a two step reaction, that happens as 1) NO2 + NO2 -> NO3 + NO 2) NO3 + CO -> NO2 + CO2 When a multiple step reaction is present, the rates can always be written, by their dependence from the concentration of the reaction elements is not linear, but depends on some power of the concentrations (that generally has no relation with the original reaction stoichiometry). Also in this case however, the coefficients of such nonlinear dependence are called reaction rates.
How is the molecularity of the rate-controlling step related to the overall reaction order?
the molecularity must be equal to the overall reaction order.
If the concentration of reactants is higher?
The rate of the forward reaction will increase if the concentration of the reactants is increased.This is explained by collision theory. When there are more molecules in a given space (a higher concentration) with the same energy, the molecules will collide more frequently, since they will move about randomly and are more likely to hit one another if there are more of them around and less empty space. A reaction requires a collision, so more collisions in a given amount of time will lead to more molecules reacting in that time, giving a higher rate of reaction overall (in the forward direction).
Does the overall enthalpy change of a chemical reaction depend on the reaction pathway?
Absolutely not.
Why would you expect the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction to increase proportionately to enzyme concentration given an unlimited supply of substrate?
No, since the reaction reaches a max rate depending on the speed of which the Enzyme bonds to the substrate and the speed at which the enzyme catalyzes the reaction to produce enzyme and product (shown below). E + S --> ES (E - enzyme, S - substrate, P - products) ES --> E + P Thus, if each reaction rate is not equal to each other, the rate of the overall reaction is not only proportional to both the concentration of enzyme and substrate.
What is the difference between activation polarization and concentration polarization?
Activation polarization refers to a condition when the reaction rate (of oxidation or reduction) is controlled by the slowest "step" in a series of reaction steps. For example, in hydrogen reduction reaction, the first step (1) may be when hydrogen ions absorbed from solution onto the anode surface, (2) then electron transfer occurs from anode to the hydrogen ions to form hydrogen, (3) then the hydrogen elements form hydrogen gas molecules, (4) which then form hydrogen gas bubbles. The slowest of these 4 steps, dictates how fast the overall reduction reaction happens. Concentration polarization refers to a condition of the limits of diffusion. Basically, again referring to the hydrogen reduction reaction, the concentration of H+ ions around the cathode affects the reaction rate. It could be that the concentration is too high (there is plently of H+ ions around, or the concentration is too low (not enough H+ ions around or the reduction reaction is 'eating them up' too quickly).
What type of reaction is exothermic reaction?
The reaction in which energy is being released, and the overall energy change (enthalpy) is negative.
Where can find lowest concentration of nitrogen in urine?
The lowest concentration of nitrogen can be found in the urine when it is first produced. As it accumulates in the bladder, so does the overall concentration of nitrogen.
What happens if the enzyme concentration is low?
An enzyme can overcome the presence of a competitive inhibitor by increasing the substrate concentration The reaction rate falls direct propartional to the concentration fall (which is the result of that same reaction). This is called 'first order reaction rate'.
