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He had more than one goal, here they are in a loose hierarchy of importance:

To achieve Maoist Communism without taking the intermediate step of Socialism as proscribed by Marx. This explains the brutal swiftness with which he put his plans (probably influenced by an ageing Mao, who he had met prior to 1975) into action. The evacuation of the cities and the elimination of class enemies happened with alarming swiftness at the beginning of his governance. This goal may be considered closely related to his retrospection, that being:

To regain the glory of the Angkor Empire. He was retrospective in his vision for Cambodia. He saw the greatness of the Angkor Empire (built on agrarian labour and colossal irrigation systems) and wished to emulate this by the same means.

Ethnic cleansing: he orchestrated the murder of ethnic Vietnamese and ordered all other foreigners out of Cambodia. The only exception to this were the Chinese, probably because of Mao's support for Democratic Kampuchea. There was also a French lady who was married to a senior cadre who stayed for most of Democratic Kampuchea's tenure. Other than that, there were only brown Khmer everywhere. In this goal alone he succeeded.

He hated Vietnam for its territorial encroachments over the centuries and wanted to reclaim Kampuchea Krom (ie: the Mekong Delta area) for Democratic Kampuchea. He attempted to do this, foolishly, through force of arms. Once the Vietnamese (who had just beaten the US and its rather large coalition out of the area) had had enough of his incursions across the border, they attacked him and he lost power when the Vietnamese took Phnom Penh in 1979.

To get all CIA and KGB agents out of Democratic Kampuchea. No-one knows if he really believed they were crawling all over the place but his preoccupation with catching them is obvious when reading documents from S-21. Whilst it is inconceivable that a single agent would throw their life away in Dem Kampuchea, Pol Pot unmasked and executed them in their thousands.

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Q: What was pol pot's goal for Cambodia?
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