In the us a pcv system of some sort only (positive crankcase ventilation)
if cars which emit emissions will be liable to pay an environment tax, then a fiscal policy is taking place, ie, it falls under macroeconomics. However, you have to exactly define which government regulations you're talking about... because different regulations give a different situation :)
No, they must comply with the emissions regulations that apply to vehicles made in 1979.
Most states have exemptions for classic cars from smog regulations since none of them were designed with modern regulations in mind. In California which is typically the most stringent for smog regulations, 1965 Mustangs are exempt from smog checks.
A modern vehicle has many sensors and modules. There are oxygen (o2) sensor simulators, but such equipment are not for street vehicles due to emissions regulations. Emissions regulations vary by jurisdiction and must be verified first before using them in pollution controlled vehicles.
Your vehicle must pass an emissions test when required.
That remains uncertain as of yet. For the time being, they've gotten out of the highway diesel market with the latest round of emissions regulations.
Emissions yes, safety no, SRS is safety restraint system, it includes your seatbelts and air bags. Many states will not emissions check any vehicle with a malfunction light on, see what the regulations are in your state. You should get the problem repaired asap.
By the emissions label that states that the vehicle is certified for sale in California,or the label states that it conforms to California regulations. usually located under the hood, or the radiator support, or on the firewall of the vehicle.
they are going to run tests on their engines and make the emissions law
The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act
A dealership can tell you if you give them the VIN number. usually if look under the hood, there is vehicle emissions label that will state that the vehicle is legal for sale in California, or that the vehicle conforms to California regulations.
Yes, so long as they're properly registered, insured, and compliant with federal safety and emissions regulations.