Slavery, exploitation, underdevelopment...
Mercantilism
The criollos, or people of Spanish origin born in the Americas.
Latin America
After Latin American colonies became independent, their first goal was to establish stable governments, develop strong economies, and secure their borders. They also aimed to build a sense of national identity and overcome the legacy of colonization.
The countries of the Middle East were colonies of a number of countries. The most were colonies of Britain, however, there were some other colonies of Portugal, Russia, the Netherlands, and France.
The last two Spanish colonies in Latin America were Cuba and Puerto Rico. Cuba gained independence from Spain in 1898, while Puerto Rico remained a colony until the United States took control in 1898 after the Spanish-American War.
Mercantilist policies made Latin America economically dependent on Spain and Portugal
ferdinand VII
ferdinand VII
Spanish, Portuguese and French.
It lost its remaining colonies in the Pacific and the Caribbean, notably the Philippines and Cuba. Almost all of the other Spanish dominions in Latin America had already achieved independence.
It lost its remaining colonies in the Pacific and the Caribbean, notably the Philippines and Cuba. Almost all of the other Spanish dominions in Latin America had already achieved independence.