In Western Europe it was Catholicism. When the whole of this area was converted to Catholicism it was itself as Christendom.
Modernism and post-modernism were highlighted by a sense that the world views of the past had lost their persuaxive and unifying power and must be replaced.
The fact that they were both allies and enemies to the Roman force, whose military of as the most efficient killing machine in the past ages. This may not be answer you're looking for, however. :P
No.
Forced is the past tense of force.
Although the Roman Empire had been declining for the past two centuries, the last nail was put in the coffin when Germanic tribes from northern Europe invaded Rome in 476 CE.
Yes. Look up the history of the Waldensians, the Alibigenses, or the behaviour of the so-called "Inquisition" throughout Europe in the middle ages and onwards. You will find that they were massacred simply for disagreeing with the Roman view of Christianity.
Yes
The force is friction.
Not now, but it was in the past.
Parts of Europe extend past the Arctic Circle.
The past tense of vacation is vacationed. Example: We vacationed in Europe last year.
mourning for the dead things or past