p-waves
P-waves are the first seismic waves to arrive at a seismograph station.
The primary waves (P-waves) are the first to reach a seismograph after an earthquake. These waves are faster than other seismic waves and can travel through both solid and liquid materials.
P
S-waves cannot travel through the earth's outer core as it is liquid. Surface (Love and Rayleigh) waves cause the most damage to buildings. P-waves are the first to arrive at seismograph stations.
Longitudinal waves are called primary waves because they are the fastest seismic waves and are the first to be detected by seismographs in an earthquake. They are also known as P-waves because they are the first wave type to arrive at a seismograph station.
The fastest seismic waves, P-waves, will arrive first at a seismograph station after an earthquake. P-waves are compressional waves that can travel through both solids and liquids, allowing them to arrive at a station before the slower S-waves and surface waves.
In a seismic event, the waves that reach a seismograph station last are called surface waves. These waves travel along the Earth's exterior and typically have lower speeds compared to the faster primary (P) waves and secondary (S) waves. Surface waves can cause significant ground shaking and damage but arrive after the initial P and S waves.
The seismograph station closest to the earthquake epicenter would have recorded P-waves first, followed by stations farther away. Since P-waves are the fastest seismic waves, they are the first to arrive at a seismograph station after an earthquake.
The first waves to arrive at a seismograph station are primary waves, or P waves.
The Pressure wave is a longitudinal wave - it is a compression/rarefaction wave and has the highest velocity.The Secondary wave is a transverse wave (side to side) and is much slower.
It would take about 5-7 minutes for the primary or P-waves to reach a seismograph station in Miami, Florida from Seattle, Washington. These waves travel faster than secondary or S-waves, which would arrive a few minutes later.
Humorous answer: A seismograph never answers; it just waves.