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What were two strategies used in the Overland campaign in 1864?
ChuckSiata
In the Eastern Theatre before General Grant came east in the Spring of 1864, a typical pattern existed in regard to fighting of battles. The two armies would clash for one or two days with the rare instance of longer engagements( Seven Days', Chancellorsville, Gettysburg) and then they would separate to recover from the fighting. Oftentimes weeks or even months would pass before they would battle again. This just allowed the war to drag on and on. General Grant employed a different approach. From early May 1864 beginning with the Battle of the Wilderness the Army of the Potomac and the Army of Northern Virginia were either fighting or marching to their next battle continuously for a solid month. Grant's purpose was to wear-out Lee's army. Each time they clashed, Grant would "move by the left flank" getting his army ever closer to Richmond. So his strategy was to press Lee's army to the point of exhaustion, which he ultimately did. On the Confederate side during this time there was a political element involved. If Lee could last through the 1864 Presidential election, it was hoped by the South that George McClellan would defeat Lincoln and then come to a negotiated peace with the South instead of continuing to fight. Lincoln won and so the war continued on until April 9, 1865 in the east.
Wiki User
∙ 6y ago
Wiki User
∙ 8y agoTwo features of the Overland stand out, they actually were tactics and not features or strategies. One tactic by US Grant was to keep his armies always within striking distance of the forces of Robert E. Lee. The second strategy, well know when there was to be close fighting was the use on both sides of fortifications.What can be considered as a significant part of Grant's Overland campaign was the assault on the Virginia coast by the forces of Union Major General Butler. Grant tasked him with the destruction of railroads and the capture of either Richmond or Petersburg if possible.
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How did the Union's Overland campaign help General Sherman's Atlanta campaign?
The 1864 Overland campaign was designed to destroy the Army of Northern Virginia, however, although Grant's assaults in Virginia cost the Union extremely heavy casualties and also created Confederate casualties, there was no decisive and major victories for the Union. Ultimately General Grant used a siege against Petersburg and Richmond. The heavy pressure that General Grant used against the Virginia Confederates, helped General Sherman's Atlanta campaign and his March to the Sea. With Lee outnumbered in Virginia, Grant's operations prevented any Rebel reinforcements to be sent to stop Sherman in the Deep South.
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How did the Union's Overland campaign help General Sherman's Atlanta campaign?
The 1864 Overland campaign was designed to destroy the Army of Northern Virginia, however, although Grant's assaults in Virginia cost the Union extremely heavy casualties and also created Confederate casualties, there was no decisive and major victories for the Union. Ultimately General Grant used a siege against Petersburg and Richmond. The heavy pressure that General Grant used against the Virginia Confederates, helped General Sherman's Atlanta campaign and his March to the Sea. With Lee outnumbered in Virginia, Grant's operations prevented any Rebel reinforcements to be sent to stop Sherman in the Deep South.
What can be said about building fortifications prior to the US Civil War's Overland campaign?
With the exception of the Confederate Warwick Line on the Peninsula campaign, Major General "Fighting Joe" Hooker's fortified line at Chancellorsville, and Lee's fortifications at Mine Run, the fieldworks used prior to 1864 tended to be shallow and best seen as " moderate" defenses. After the war, these styles of defense were called "hasty entrenchments" in order to differentiate them from strong fortifications.
What is a brief summary of the US Civil War Overland campaign?
The so-called Overland campaign would finally have US Grant fight against Robert E. Lee. In the Spring of 1864, the campaign began with the Wilderness battle and ran forward to the Battle of Cold Harbor. It involved about six weeks of pitched battles that cost the Union 64,000 casualties and 36,000 on the Confederate side. Nearly 200,00 soldiers were involved, and this period of the war had been unprecedented in US history. That's a large remark based on all the previous battles that at their time in the US Civil War were also unprecedented.Perhaps the best worst word ( unfairly for a man charged with winning ) used against Grant at this time was the term "butcher". Even Mary Todd Lincoln is said to have used that word to describe Grant.
What early campaign in the US Civil War saw the use of fortifications?
During the 1862 Peninsula Campaign that both sides used fortifications as part of their battle tactics. While the South understood their value, Robert E. Lee did not quite become an entrenchment advocate. Yes he used this tactic at Fredericksburg, but it was not until the Overland campaign that his engineers basically perfected fortifications that hampered Grant's operations in Virginia.
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