NASA's Viking 1 and Viking 2 landed on Mars in 1976.
viking 1 and viking 2
The two VIKING probes arrived in Mars orbit in 1976 when they started sending photographs back to Earth. The two orbiters continued sending photographs and the landers conducted experiments on the planet's surface until they failed as follows:Viking 2 Orbiter: July 1978 Viking 2 Lander: April 1980 Viking 1 Orbiter: August 1980 Viking 1 Lander: November 1982.
Mariner 9, Mariner5, Viking 1 and Viking 2
Viking 1 was launched on August 20, 1975, and the second craft, Viking 2, was launched on September 9, 1975. Viking 1 entered Mars orbit on June 19, 1976. The Viking 1 touched down on the surface of Mars on July 20, 1976, and was joined by the Viking 2 on September 3.
The first man made probes to successfully land on the surface of Mars were two Soviet probes; Mars 2 on November 27 and Mars 3 on December 2, 1971, but both ceased communicating within seconds of landing. The NASA Viking program had two landers; Viking 1 remained operational for six years, Viking 2 for three years after their 1976 landing.
The main purpose was to study and photograph the surface. The landers also performed experiments to try to test for the possibility of life. The information and images received was enourmous and most of the information known about Mars for the next two and a half decades had come from the little over six year life of the probes.
It was Mars 2, from the Soviet Mars Lander Program.
The viking rovers, vikings I and II.
Viking Lander 1 and Viking Lander 2 Yes, but there are more than that.
Nothing of significance. Viking 1 and Viking 2 landed in 1976 and after that there were no Mars missions until 1988.
Viking 1 and Viking 2 landed on Mars in 1976 and Mars Pathfinder (and the Mars rover Sojourner) landed on Mars in 1997 and are still up there moving and functioning today.