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Q: When removing excees penetrant with water the wash time should be?
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What is liquid penetrant test in non destructive testing?

Liquid penetrant inspection is a nondestructive testing method that does not harm the test piece and is commonly used on materials such as metals, glass, plastics and fired ceramics. This nondestructive testing method relies on the liquid penetrant seeping into the flaw, then forming a surface indication that is observed under special lighting after the penetrant is given time to "bleed out" from the flaw. Liquid Penetrant Inspection (LPI or PT) is very effective in detecting flaws that are open to the surface such as fatigue, quench or grinding cracks; forging cracks and bursts; overload and impact fractures; porosity; laps and seams.The ProcessAt Laboratory Testing Inc., the first step in Liquid Penetrant Inspection is to thoroughly clean the surface to be inspected to be sure it is free of oil, grease, water, heat-treat scale, paint, plating and other contaminants that may prevent liquid penetrant from entering flaws. The part may also require etching if mechanical operations such as machining, sanding, or grit blasting have been performed because they can smear metal over the flaw opening and prevent the penetrant from entering.Next, a red visible or fluorescent dye liquid penetrant is applied to the part by spraying, brushing or immersing in a penetrant bath. The liquid penetrant is left on the surface for a sufficient time to allow as much penetrant as possible to seep into a defect. Penetrant dwell time is the total time that the penetrant is in contact with the part's surface.After the dwell time has elapsed, the excess liquid penetrant is removed from the surface. Depending on the penetrant method used, this step may involve cleaning with a solvent (solvent-removable), direct rinsing with water (water-washable), or first treating the part with an emulsifier (post-emulsifiable) before rinsing with water. When using the water-washable or post-emulsifiable methods, the part is placed in a low-temperature oven and allowed time to dry after rinsing.A thin layer of developer is applied to the part to assist in drawing penetrant trapped in flaws back to the surface where it will be visible as indications. Developers may be applied by dusting (dry powder) or spraying (wet developers). These indications are larger than the actual flaw, and therefore, are more visible. When using fluorescent penetrants, indications must be viewed under darkened conditions with a high-intensity UV lamp. The final step in the process is to thoroughly clean the surface to remove any residues.Advantages and LimitationsLiquid Penetrant Inspection offers a fast and relatively inexpensive means of surface inspection since large areas and quantities of parts or materials can be inspected quickly. The process is flexible for inspecting parts of almost any shape and for most materials that are not extremely rough or porous. This process is a nondestructive testing method which does not cause harm to the parts or products being tested. Indications are produced directly on the surface of the part and provide a visual representation of the flaw. Liquid penetrant inspection is highly sensitive to small surface discontinuities.One of the major limitations of a penetrant inspection is that flaws must be open to the surface. Also, surface finish and roughness can affect inspection sensitivity. Pre-cleaning of parts is critical since contaminants can mask defects, and post-cleaning is required to remove residues.


What do pandas need to stay alive?

they need water,shelter,food,and water. And the people should stop removing the bamboo trees


What are you removing when you lower the temperature of water?

you are removing heat!


When you lower the temperature of water what are you removing?

you are removing heat!


What is the process of removing salt from salt water?

Desalinization is the process of removing salt from sea water.


Is removing salt from water a suspension or is it a solution?

Removing salt from water is a process, not solution/suspension. Salt form with water solutions.


What would be better than water for removing a freasy food stain?

You should definetly try dishwashing liquid, even if its on clothes.


Why does removing too much water from aquifers result in substance?

removing too much water from aquifers can result in subsidence because the


What is it called when you remove water from a boat?

Removing water from a boat


A synthesis is the formation of bonds by removing water?

No, synthesis is the breaking of bonds that forms water, while dehydration synthesis is the breaking of bonds by removing water


What maintains homeostasis by removing body heat water and other wastes?

The gullet helps maintain homeostasis by removing excess water.


What are the butterflys' adaptations?

Wings, beaks and feet are a birds special tools. You can tell where a bird lives and how it gets food by these special adaptations.Birds have hollow bones and they make uric acid instead of urine, this removes excees water more efficiently to save water wieght. their feathers are an adaptation of scales to allow flight.