No, but the laws of physics and chemistry essentially force your engine to hydrolock - water does not like to be compressed like the fuel/air mixture in the cylinders, so your engine will seize (stop running).
It does not have any sort of fuel type sensor, putting gasoline into the fuel tank of a diesel Mercedes will likely destroy the engine.
If you are referring to a knock sensor, then it is simply a sensor made to shut down the engine if undue knocks are recognized by the sensor.
There isn't a sensor that will shut off the engine if the oil pressure is too low
you need to look at the parts and shut up
Yes this can cause the engine to shut off. This the main input to the engine ecu.
A defective water pump can indirectly cause to shut off. Either through overheating, or, if the vehicle is so equipped, a sensor designed to protect the engine in the event of engine overheating.
I would suspect the map sensor is bad.
The crank position sensor
cam sensor or icp sensor!!
Either a faulty engine temperature sensor or the wiring to it.
If the engine temperature gets too hot and the engine fail - safe cooling mode is activated the engine will eventually shut off
No, That part will not shut the engine down