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The first device for indicating the time of day was probably the gnomon. It consisted of a vertical stick or pillar; the length of the shadow it cast gave an indication of the time of day.

3500 BC

Sumer becomes the world's first civilization. (Sumer is an ancient region of southern Mesopotamia - which is now southeastern Iraq.)

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The Ancient Egyptians devised the Clepsydra or 'water-clock' - it indicated elapsed time by the level of water dripping slowly from one container into another.

The first mechanical clocks appeared in about the 15C, and simply rang bells to indicate services in monasteries, but were very unreliable thanks to partly to crude workmanship but more especially to the escapement (controlling mechanism) being purely inertial and not harmonic. Any sort of accuracy came only with the pendulum, the discovery of whose behaviour is accredited to Galileo Galilei, though he seems not to have built a working clock from his discovery.

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7y ago
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Q: When and where clocks were invented?
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