dendrites only
postsynapse: containing receptor sites for the neurotransmitters on the dendrites.
Excitatory neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitter receptor sites on ligand-gated ion pores.
Dopamine is incorrect. Opiate drugs occupy the same receptor sites as endorphins.
Yes.
endorphins
... Depends entirely on the post-synaptic neuron. If it is an inhibitory synapse (often located on the actual body of the dendrite or soma), then the probability of that post-synaptic neuron firing DECREASES. The reverse is true if it is excitatory; the synapse (more likely located on a dendritic spine) will more likely induce the post-synaptic neuron to fire an action potential.
Cells known as astrocytes can remove neurotransmitters from the receptor area.
You can not become immune to it but your body WILL build up a tolerance As the above answer indicates, "immune" is not the right word for describing this. As stated above, your brain (as opposed to other systems in your body) will develop a tolerance to it. This means, even though you keep taking the same dose, the effectiveness of Adderall will decrease. Describing it as simply as I can, what actually happens is this. Adderall increases the level of two neurotransmitters in the brain--norephinephrine and dopamine. Neurotransmitters are the substances by which neurons communicate. They are released by one neuron and then attach to a receptor on a second neuron. Generally speaking, each neurotransmitter has its own receptor to which other substances will not attach. The tolerance to Adderall is caused because the brain actually keeps creating more dopamine and noepinephrine receptor sites on the second neuron. As more receptor sites are created, more dopamine and norephinephrine is needed to attach to those sites in order to produce the same effect as before.
An adrenergic receptor is any of several sites in the surface membranes of cells innervated by adrenergic neurons.
A synapse is the connection between two neurons. It consists of the synaptic cleft (the physical gap between one neuron's axon and the other's dendrite). Neurotransmitters cross the gap from the axon to the dendrite and affect whether the next neuron fires.
Synapse