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do you wear unit awards on the dress blues for a military ball
If you are attached to a cavalry unit have been to combat with a cavalry unit and/or been part of a Spur ride then yes
There are a bunch of them. Branch of Service insignia, rank insignia and other insignia that aren't unit-specific are found in Army Regulation 670-1, which is downloadable from a few places. Distinguished Unit Insignia, which everyone calls unit crests, and patches are not in that reg; check the Institute of Heraldry website at http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/
I believe the pin you are speaking of is called a Unit Crest. There are collectors of these and there are websites dealing with identifying the crests. The US Army suspended issue of these crests in WW II to save on metals needed for war time production, after the end of the war they were again issued. Some of these are depicted on the US Army site linked below.
DCPU (Disruptive Camouflage Pattern Unit)
Navy Meritorious Unit Commendations do follow you to other branches. They are considered permanent awards from all branches, except the Army. Unit Commendations from the Army may not follow you to other branches, or even other units. As long as you were serving in the unit when the commendation was earned, it is a permanent award that you can wear on your uniform regardless of service. Otherwise, the wear of any unit award is only worn when you are actually assigned to that unit (temporary award).
No. Basic trainees usually don't wear any unit insignia on their ACUs (or other uniforms), as they're not yet assigned to any units. It is still very much a uniform.
There's a couple different ones - unit patches and regimental crests. A unit patch worn on the wearer's left sleeve indicates the unit they are actively serving with. A unit patch worn on the wearer's right sleeve indicates a unit they've served in combat with. As for regimental crests, they're worn on the epaulets of the dress uniforms, to indicate which regiment the battalion they're serving in is affiliated with. The regimental crest worn above the nameplate indicates their regimental affiliation (usually, the first unit they've served with).
The Presidential Unit Citation is awarded to units deemed deserving by the President of the United States. If a soldier is in that particular unit during the time of the award, he or she may wear it on the Army Service Uniform throughout their military career. This is not an easy award to get and only a handful have been selected during the Global War on Terrorism.
No, because Naval units do not typically wear shoulder sleeve insignia (patches). There are exceptions to this rule, however. If the Naval unit was under an Army command they may be authorized the shoulder sleeve insignia, former wartime service (combat patch) of the Army command to which they were assigned.
The unit crest is worn on the epalette of the dress green uniform,all nco's wear a green cloth secured to the epalette and the unit crest is placed upon the same...
Some units do allow it - others do not, or only approve unit-wide modifications provided by that unit.