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Most cases reach the Court through the U.S. Courts of Appeals Circuit Courts, or, under rare circumstances, may be received on expedited appeal from US District Court in the federal court system. The Supreme Court also reviews cases on appeal from state supreme courts, and occasionally from state intermediate appellate courts if the state supreme court rejects the case. The US Supreme Court only has jurisdiction over cases involving a preserved federal question (a matter of federal or constitutional law, or a US treaty).

Most Supreme Court cases come from a writ of certiorari. This is the order of the Supreme court to a lower court to send up a case so they can review. Most of these reviews come from state high courts and federal appellate courts.

Origin of US Supreme Court Cases

  1. US Court of Appeals Circuit Courts
  2. State Supreme Courts (or their equivalent)
  3. US District Courts (under special circumstances, only)
  4. US Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces
  5. US Court of International Trade
  6. US Court of Federal Claims
  7. Intermediate State appellate courts (if the State Supreme Court rejects the appeal)
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13y ago
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9y ago

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In the U.S. there are both state & federal ('circuit') appellate courts, and, of course, the U.S. Supreme Court - which only hears cases on appeal.

In general, almost any case can be appealed to the appropriate court, usually due to some allegation of improper trial procedure or misinterpretation of law...

So, basically, they can originate anywhere.

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In the federal judiciary, general jurisdiction cases begin in courts of original jurisdiction (i.e., trial courts), such as US District Courts, United States Tax Court, United States Bankruptcy Court, etc., that are located within the territory covered by the US Court of Appeals for one of the one of the 12 regional Circuits. (There are 13 Circuit Courts, but one is defined by subject matter rather than geography).

The US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit hears cases that originate anywhere in the nation, but only for special subject matter, such as international trade, government contracts, trademarks, patents, financial claims against the US (other than tax-related claims), and veterans' benefits.

The US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit currently has jurisdiction over appeals from tribunal courts at Guantanamo Bay, in addition to its standard caseload.

At the state level, the general jurisdiction court for criminal charges is often (but not always) called "Superior Court"; however, both civil and certain criminal cases may start in county Courts of Common Pleas, and may be eligible for appeal through the State Court of Appeals.

Because each state and municipality is unique, it would be impossible to name all the potential special courts and tribunals where a case may originate.

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Q: Where do most US Supreme Court cases originate?
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