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Write an iterative function to search an element in a binary search tree?
_node* search (_node* head, _key key) { _node* node; for (node=head; node != NULL;;) { if (key == node->key) return node; else if (key < node.>key) node = node->left; else node = node->right; } return node; }
Algoritm for deleting the last element from a list?
Given a list and a node to delete, use the following algorithm: // Are we deleting the head node? if (node == list.head) { // Yes -- assign its next node as the new head list.head = node.next } else // The node is not the head node { // Point to the head node prev = list.head // Traverse the list to locate the node that comes immediately before the one we want to delete while (prev.next != node) { prev = prev.next; } end while // Assign the node's next node to the previous node's next node prev.next = node.next; } end if // Before deleting the node, reset its next node node.next = null; // Now delete the node. delete node;
Is null node equal to leaf node?
No. A leaf node is a node that has no child nodes. A null node is a node pointer that points to the null address (address zero). Since a leaf node has no children, its child nodes are null nodes.
How many pointers will have to be changed if a node is deleted from a linear linked list?
For a singly-linked list, only one pointer must be changed. If the node about to be deleted (let's call it node for the sake of argument) is the head of the list, then the head node pointer must be changed to node->next. Otherwise, the node that comes before the deleted node must change its next pointer to node->next. Note that given a singly-linked node has no knowledge of its previous node, we must traverse the list from the head in order to locate that particular node, unless the node is the head of the list: void remove (List* list, Node* node) { if (!list !node) return; // sanity check!if (list->head == node) {list->head = node->next;} else {Node* prev = list->head;while (prev->next != node) prev = prev->next; // locate the node's previous nodeprev->next = node->next;}} Note that the remove function only removes the node from the list, it does not delete it. This allows us to restore the node to its original position, because the node itself was never modified (and thus still refers to its next node in the list). So long as we restore all removed nodes in the reverse order they were removed, we can easily restore the list. In order to delete a node completely, we simply remove it and then free it:void delete (List* list, Node* node) {if (!list !node) return; // sanity check!remove (list, node);free (node);} For a doubly-linked list, either two or four pointers must be changed. If the node about to be deleted is the head node, then the head node pointer must be changed to n->next and n->next->prev must be changed to NULL, otherwise, n->prev->next becomes n->next. In addition, if the node about to be deleted is the tail node, then the tail node pointer must be changed to n->prev and n->prev->next must be changed to NULL, otherwise, n->next->prev becomes n->prev. Deletion from a doubly-linked list is generally quicker than deletion from a singly linked list because a node in a doubly-linked list knows both its previous node and its next node, so there's no need to traverse the list to locate the previous node to the one being deleted. void remove (List* list, Node* node) {if (!list !node) return; // sanity check!if (list->head == node) {list->head = node->next;node->next->prev = NULL;} else {node->prev->next = node->next; }if (list->tail == node) {list->tail = node->prev;node->prev->next = NULL;} else {node->next->prev = node->prev; }} Again, to physically delete the node we simply remove and then free the node:void delete (List* list, Node* node) {if (!list !node) return; // sanity check!remove (list, node); free (node); }
How do you recursively reverse a singly linked list using c plus plus?
In this case recursion is not necessary, an iterative process is more efficient. Start by pointing at the head node. While this node has a next node, detach its next node and insert that node at the head. Repeat until the original head node has no next node. At that point the head has become the tail and all the nodes are completely reversed. The following example shows how this can be implemented, where the list object contains a head node (which may be NULL), and each node has a next node. The tail node's next node is always NULL. void reverse(list& lst) { if( node* p=lst.head ) { while(p->next) { node* n=p.next; // point to the next node p.next=n.next; // detach the next node n.next=lst.head; // insert the detached node at the head lst.head=n; // set the new head node } } }
What does a Fatty center on axillary lymph node mean?
g
Infection in thumb result in enlargment of what node?
Axillary nodes or trochlear nodes.
What is the bilateral injection procedure for lymphangiography of axillary node enlargement?
Cpt 38790
How many women develop lymphedema after axillary lymph node removal during a mastectomy?
Approximately 10% to 20% of patients develop lymphedema after axillary lymph node removal. however if you get radiation your rate goes up to 50% and good chance of developing lymphedema
What is a modified radical mastectomy?
A modified radical is a total mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection, but with preservation of the pectoral muscles.
What vessel drain into the subclavian vein?
Axillary veinn.A part of a major vein of the upper extremities or forelimbs that passes beneath the clavicle and is continuous with the axillary vein.Read more: subclavian-vein
To which lymph node region does lymph from the testes drain?
para aortic
By what measure does sentinel lymph node biopsy have a significantly lower rate of complications than axillary lymph node dissection?
One study found that only 2.6% of patients who had SLNB developed lymphedema, compared to 27% of patients who had ALND.
What does IM stand for regarding a surgical procedure to drain a lymph node?
Interosseus Membrane
What are the most common sites for mestastic breast cancer?
Breast cancer most commonly metastasises first to lymph nodes in the axilla of the same side as the affected breast. In more advanced disease, the cancer commonly metastasises to lymph nodes in other regions, to bone, to the liver, and/or to the lungs, and later possibly also to the contralateral breast and to other organs. When there is no evident lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis, the sentinel node may be examined to confirm absence of axillary lymph node metastasis. The lymph nodes in the axilla drain fluid (lymph) from the breast by interconnecting lymph vessels, and the "sentinel node" is the first node to receive lymph from the particular tumour. If there is no tumour in the sentinel node (and no signs of metastasis to other sites), breast cancer has a very good chance of cure after treatment.
How long does numbness and tingling last after ct surgery?
If you are talking about axillary node dissection for breast cancer where there is lymph node involvement, I am told it is permanent although I would really like to hear otherwise from someone who has undergone this surgery. I had an axillary node dissection 3.5 weeks ago and my armpit and the back of my upper arm/shoulder is still numb. No one told me about this before the surgery so I was not prepared for this to happen. I would not have had any choice and still would have had to have the surgery but I wish someone would have mentioned this to prepare me. I also have pain in the back of my upper arm, feels like a very bad sunburn, also very bothersome. I will pray every day for the sensitivity to return, but the surgery was necessary to remove life threatening cancer from my body. If anyone has had an axillary node dissection and regained the feeling in their armpit, I would love to hear about it, would give me hope.
What has the author Darren Brenner written?
Darren Brenner has written: 'The role of molecular, clinical and socioeconomic factors in the long-term survival of axillary node negative breast cancer patients'
