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The PCV or positive crankcase ventlation valve does as it is named. It will remove harmful gases from the engine. Also, you can find breather caps on the valve covers, this also helps to remove and fumes from the crankcase or engine base.
yes
Allow pressurized gases to vent from the crankcase.
The PCV valve is located in the camshaft cover,in the crankcase breather chamber or in the hose which connects the crankcase breather chamber to the intake manifold
on top of the valve cover
Too much crankcase pressure or the breather pipe is split/dosconnected. The crankcase breather goes into the rear of the air filter and the crankcase gasses are drawn in to the cylinder with the gas/air mixture and burned
the crankcase vents through the breather system.
No, the crankcase ventilation systems employed on diesels are not PCV (Positive Crankcase Ventilation) systems. They are CCV (Closed Crankcase Ventilation) systems. Diesels do not produce sufficient vacuum for a PCV system. They use only a crankcase breather which is vented to the filtered side of the intake ducting. The engine can "breathe" both in and out via the breather cap. The round black thing on the TDI valve cover is a breather cap.
Crankcase breather tube.
Its called a PCV Positive crankcase ventilation. Its the little gadget that plugs into the top of the valve cover. Pull it out and it will rattle. That means its good.
That should be the crankcase breather tube.
The engine should have a crankcase breather tube connected between the valve cover and the air cleaner. With the crankcase breather removed and a non-vented cap installed on the valve cover in its place, the PCV would create the vacuum you have.