montgomery
Inequal in representation by population, but perfect in terms of equal representation by State. The big states are equal to the smaller sized states. Bicameral legislatures seem to balance things out quite well.
It is based on equal representation for each state.
Senate.
United States Constitution
The smaller states followed the "Connecticut Plan" which, as opposed to the larger states' preference, the "Virginia Plan," made plans for a unicameral body in which all states had equal representation - today known as the Senate. The Virginia Plan, on the other hand, was favored by the larger states because it stated that larger populations would equal greater representation in Congress - today known as the House of Representatives.
The Senate is the house of Congress that is based on equal representation. The House of Representatives is numbered based on the population of the state but the Senate has equal representation for even states with a lower population.
I assume you are referring to how the states are represented in the federal legislature. The small states wanted equal representation; that is, they wanted all states, regardless of population size, to have the same number of votes in the congress. The large states argued in favor of proportional representation, where votes would be apportioned by the size of the population. The compromise was, of course, to have a bicameral legislature, one with two houses, one having proportional representation, the other having equal representation.
Upper house A+
hehehe
equal representation
Representation in the Senate is equal between all states. Each state gets two senators.
There are very little advantages of equal representation in the Senate. The main advantage is the fact that it binds the states together to try to form a common ground.