Yes. Kenya extends almost equal distances north and south of the equator ... from about 4.63° north latitude to 4.67° south latitude.
There are no parallel lines that run FROM the equator. Lines that are parallel TO the equator are the latitudes.
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No. Longitudinal lines run parallel to the Prime Meridian. Latitudinal lines run parallel to the Equator.
Europe.
The equator passes through South America, Africa, and Asia.
Lines that run parallel to the equator are called latitude lines or parallels.
No.
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The only line that runs parallel through the equator is THE EQUATOR. [The Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn are parallel to the equator, but are north and south of it (respectively) at 23.5 degrees. So they do not run through the equator.] The lines of longitude all run through the equator, but they are not parallel to each other since they all meet up at both the North and South Poles.