Which countries have a 6 month day and 6 month night?

Answer 1

No actual countries do, although a small part of Antarctica does. Only the North and South Pole have a 6 month period of continuous daylight and nearly 6 months of night.

Parts of some countries extend above the Arctic Circle and can have more than 24 hours of sunlight in summer (midnight sun), and more than 24 hours of night during the winter (polar night). Svalbard, Norway has a 5-month period from April to September when the Sun never sets, only circles the horizon.

Astronomical Explanation

Only one half of a planet (sphere) can be illuminated at any one time. A pole, the end of a planetary axis, is either tilted toward the sun, and stays in the sun as the Earth spins, or tilted away from the sun, and cannot move into daylight.

Areas within the Arctic Circle or Antarctic Circle (at latitude of 66.6 degrees or more) will experience one or more days of 24 hours of sunlight, and conversely one or more days of 24 hours without sunlight. The closer one gets to a pole, the longer or shorter this period of continual day or night, which is popularly described as the "midnight sun" and the "polar night." The effect of twilight reduces the actual periods of nighttime darkness, but the sun will also never rise very high in the sky even in summer.

Locations that experience the phenomenon are northern parts of Alaska (US), Canada, Greenland (Denmark), Iceland, Finland, Norway, Sweden, and Russia. All of Antarctica also experiences these extended days and extended nights.

Answer 2

[object Object]